The best 400 conscience sentence examples

How to use conscience in a sentence. Example sentences with the word conscience. The most voted sentence example for conscience is He did the task for the ... HomeSentence Conscience Consciencesentenceexampleconscience Meanings Synonyms Sentences Hedidthetaskforthesakeofhisconscience.2088873Hisfinecharacterandconscienceearnedhimuniversalrespectandconfidence.1233685Aclearconscienceisusuallythesignofabadmemory.654342Hetoldthetruthforhisconscience'ssake.376238Didhethinkshehadnoconscienceaboutwhathappened?279180 Advertisement Andtoattainthisend,wehavethelightcalledconsciencethatGodhasimplantedinoursouls.211137Mattersofwarrantsandprobablecauseescapedhiswife'srationale,replacedbyherconscience,whichstoodfirmlyincharge.171120Ithinkmostofusgotoprayeronlyfromthisprincipletosatisfyanaturalconscience.197152Istherenotasortofbloodshedwhentheconscienceiswounded?156114Itistrulyenoughsaidthatacorporationhasnoconscience;butacorporationofconscientiousmenisacorporationwithaconscience.160123 Advertisement Theconscienceofhumanityisthebeginningoflawmaking.12698Allconscienceefforttothinkfledandwasreplacedbyanewinstinct,theprimalneedtofeed.190165Ifattemptsatsuicideareanyindicationofguilt,thismanmusthaveaveryuneasyconscience.10379Hehadaconsciencevoidofanymodernevilthoughts.9179So,Count,thereneverisanynegligenceinmycompany,andsomyconsciencewasatease.141129 Advertisement Evenkidshaveaconscience.1512Hewon'twantanyonewithaconscience.1714Sometimeinthe40sshegotitinherheadthattheywereviolatingpeople,anddevelopedaguiltyconscience.85AccordingtoVico,lawemanatesfromtheconscienceofmankind,inwhomGodhasinfusedasentimentofjustice.7673Thefoethatwasadvancingintheoppositedirection,thoughwithouttheconscienceofahostilepurpose,wasthenewpowerofhumanreasonanimatedwiththerevivedsentimentofclassicism.85 Advertisement Thecorporationhasneithercontroloverthepolicenoranyjudicialduties,exceptingasregardsacourtofconsciencedealingwithdebtsunder40s.54Finally,accordingtohim,havinginferredmatterastheconditionofourperceptions,weareentitledtoinferthattheconditionoftheexistenceofmatterisGod,whosenature,however,canbeinferredonlybypracticalreasonfromconscience.43Piusmightnolongerruleoverthepapalstates;buttherewasconsolationinthethoughtthat,withintherealmofconscience,hispowerhadincreasedbyleapsandbounds.00Soabsolutebecamethepapalsovereigntyoverconsciencethatmorethanonegovernmenttookalarm.00Theotherworld,withitsimaginedheavenandhell,hauntedtheconsciencelikeanightmare.00 Advertisement Theywereinstinctivelyawarethattheeffortwasforlibertyofaction,thoughtandconscienceinthefuture.00ThisnewspiritinItalyemancipatedhumanintelligencebytheclassics;inGermanyitemancipatedthehumanconsciencebytheBible.00ButthecauseinwhichGermanintellectandwillwereenlistedwassodifferentthatitisdifficultnottomakeaformalseparationbetweenthatmovementwhichevolvedcultureinItalyandthatwhichrestoredreligioninGermany,establishingthefreedomofintelligenceintheonesphereandthefreedomoftheconscienceintheother.00PuritanismindicatedarevoltofthereligiousconscienceofthenationagainsttheartsandmannersoftheRenaissance,againsttheencroachmentsofbelligerentCatholicism,againstthecorruptandItalianatedcourtofJamesI.,againsttheabsolutistpretensionsofhissonCharles.00Theologicalandpoliticalutilitarianismalikehadbeenindividualistic.ButDarwinshowshowthemoralsenseorconsciencemayberegardedasderivedfromthesocialinstincts,whicharecommontomenandanimals.00 Advertisement Whenhehasreachedthestageofreflectionthereariseswhatweknowasconscience.00Asamatteroffact,theearlierandmoredemocratictypesofprimitivesociety,uncontaminatedbyourcivilization,donotpresentmanyfeaturestowhichthemodernconsciencecantakeexception,butdisplayrathertheedifyingspectacleofreligiousbrotherhoodsencouragingthemselvesbymysticalcommuniontocommoneffort.00InallthistheAnabaptistshadmaintainedonecentralarticleoffaiththatlinkedthemtotheZwickauprophets,beliefinconscience,religiousfeeling,orinnerlight,asthesoletruebeginningorgroundofreligion;andoneotherarticle,heldwithequalvigourandsincerity,thattrueChristiansarelikesheepamongwolves,andmustonnoaccountdefendthemselvesfromtheirenemiesortakevengeanceforwrongdone.00Theyheld"thatnochurchoughttochallengeanyprerogativeoveranyother";andthat"themagistrateisnottomeddlewithreligion,ormattersofconsciencenorcompelmentothisorthatformofreligion."00LeonardBusher,theauthorof"ReligiousPeace:oraPleaforLibertyofConscience,"wasamemberofthischurch.00 Advertisement Steadin1885,ashehadearliersupportedMrsJosephineButlerinasimilarcause;heattackedthetradeinalcohol;wasananti-vivisectionist;headvocatedarbitration;andhisvehementattacksonSirCharlesDilkeandCharlesStewartParnelloriginatedthephrasethe"Nonconformistconscience."00In1558hepublishedhis"Appellation"tothenobles,estatesandcommonaltyagainstthesentenceofdeathrecentlypronounceduponhim,andalongwithitastirringappeal"Tohisbelovedbrethren,theCommonaltyofScotland,"urgingthatthecareofreligionfelltothemalsoasbeing"God'screatures,createdandformedinHisownimage,"andhavingarighttodefendtheirconscienceagainstpersecution.00Aboutthistime,indeed,therewasinScotlandaremarkableapproximationtothatsolutionofthetolerationdifficultywhichlaterageshaveapproved;fortheregentwasunderstoodtofavourthedemandofthe"congregation"thatatleastthepenalstatutesagainstheretics"besuspendedandabrogated,"and"thatitbelawfultoustouseourselvesinmattersofreligionandconscienceaswemustanswertoGod."00Edinburghwasstilldoubtful,andthequeenregentheldthecastle;butatrucebetweenherandthelordsforsixmonthstothe1stofJanuary1560wasarrangedonthefootingthateverymanthere"mayhavefreedomtousehisownconsciencetothedayforesaid"-afreedominterpretedtoletKnoxandhisbrethrenpreachpubliclyandincessantly.00Butthethird,inflictingheavypenalties,withdeathonathirdconviction,onthosewhoshouldcelebratemassorevenbepresentatit,showedthatthereformerandhisfriendshadcrossedtheline,andthattheirpositioncouldnolongerbedescribedas,inKnox'swords,"requiringnothingbutthelibertyofconscience,andourreligionandfacttobetriedbythewordofGod."00 Advertisement TheliteraltextoftheSeptuagintseemstobetheonlydecisiveauthority,andthatissosacredandalmighty,that,wheneveritcomesintocollisionwiththehumanconscience,thelatterissilencedwhenthevoiceofrevelationspeaks."00Itisnot,indeed,tobecontendedthatRabelaiswasamanwithwhomreligionwasindetailaconstantthought,thathehadaverytenderconscienceoraveryscrupulousorthodoxy.00Inwardly"hetookaremorseofconscienceanddetestationofmind."00CommittedtotheTower,hewasexaminedinthepresenceofElizabeth,whoaskedhimifheacknowledgedhertobereallyqueenofEngland,andonhisreplyingstraightlyintheaffirmative,shemadehimoffers,notonlyoflifebutofwealthanddignities,onconditionswhichhisconsciencecouldnotallow.00Themoralityattachingtotheoath,sodeeplyrootedintheconscienceofprimitivepeoples,wasexpressedinthecultofZeus"OpKCOS,theGodwhopunishedperjury.00 Advertisement ButhechanceduponsomeofZwingli'sworksandBullinger'scommentariesonStPaul'sepistles;andaftersomemolestationinEnglandandsomecorrespondencewithBullingeronthelawfulnessofcomplyingagainsthisconsciencewiththeestablishedreligion,hedeterminedtosecurewhatpropertyhecouldandtakerefugeonthecontinent.00Hewillnotadmitthatthereisanyevidenceoftruevirtueintheapprobationofvirtueandhatredofvice,intheworkingsofconscienceorintheexercisesofthenaturalaffections;hethinksthatthesemayallspringfromself-loveandtheassociationofideas,from"instinct"orfroma"moralsenseofasecondarykind"entirelydifferentfrom"asenseorrelishoftheessentialbeautyoftruevirtue."00Similarly,thequestiondebatedatsuchlengthbyEnglishmoralistsastothenatureofthemoralfaculty(moralsense,conscience,&c.)andthecontroversyconcerningthefreedomofthewillbelongentirelytopsychology.00HismostcelebratedworkishisCasesofConscience,deliberatejudgmentsuponpointsofmoralitysubmittedtohim.00ThePilgrimageofTenderConscience,thePilgrimageofGoodIntent,thePilgrimageofSeekTruth,thePilgrimageofTheophilus,theInfantPilgrim,theHindooPilgrim,areamongthemanyfeeblecopiesofthegreatoriginal.00 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Seward,SalmonP.Chase,andAbrahamLincoln,thatslaverywastobeoverthrownundertheconstitutionandintheUnion,byforbiddingitsgrowthandtrustingtoanawakenedconscience,enforcedbyanenlightenedself-interest.00HeprobablydidmorethananyothermaninAmericatoleadthePuritanchurchesfromafaithwhichregardedGodasamoralgovernor,theBibleasabookoflaws,andreligionasobediencetoaconsciencetoafaithwhichregardsGodasafather,theBibleasabookofcounsels,andreligionasalifeoflibertyinlove.00Thisforceisexemptfromallforeignservice,andthechiefofficeoftheviguiersistheadministrationofcriminaljustice,inwhichtheirdecisions,givensimplyaccordingtotheirjudgmentandconscience,therebeingnowrittenlaws,arefinal.00In1847thevigourwithwhichSumnerdenouncedaBostoncongressman'svoteinfavouroftheMexicanWarBillmadehimthelogicalleaderofthe"ConscienceWhigs,"buthedeclinedtoaccepttheirnominationforCongress.00Recklessofpoliticalexpediency,SumnermovedthattheFugitiveSlaveActbeforthwithrepealed;andformorethanthreehourshedenounceditasaviolationoftheconstitution,anaffronttothepublicconscience,andanoffenceagainstthedivinelaw.00ThespeechprovokedastormofangerintheSouth,buttheNorthwasheartenedtofindatlastaleaderwhosecouragematchedhisconscience.00LincolndescribedSumneras"myideaofabishop,"andusedtoconsulthimasanembodimentoftheconscienceoftheAmericanpeople.00Thepoetthusfairlyinheritedhisconscience,religiousexaltationandspiritofprotest.00AsearlyasAugust1862,CardinalWisemanpubliclycensuredtheReview;andwhenin1864,afterD0111nger'sappealattheMunichCongressforalesshostileattitudetowardshistoricalcriticism,thepopeissuedadeclarationthattheopinionsofCatholicwritersweresubjecttotheauthorityoftheRomancongregations,Actonfeltthattherewasonlyonewayofreconcilinghisliteraryconsciencewithhisecclesiasticalloyalty,andhestoppedthepublicationofhismonthlyperiodical.00LordActonhaslefttoolittlecompletedoriginalworktorankamongthegreathistorians;hisverylearningseemstohavestoodinhisway;heknewtoomuchandhisliteraryconsciencewastooacuteforhimtowriteeasily,andhiscopiousnessofinformationoverloadshisliterarystyle.00And,thirdly,thesinnerwhocannotsatisfyhisconsciencebytheseothermethodsisinvitedtoopenhisgrieftoaministerofGod'sword.00Similarly,thesickmanistobemovedtomakeaspecialconfessionofhissinsifhefeelshisconsciencetroubledwithanyweightymatter.00Thoughcunning,hewasdestitutealikeofforesightandofself-control;hecouldneverdiscernthewayinwhichhisconductwouldbejudgedbyothermen,becausehelackedeventherudimentsofaconscience.00Itwasfortunatethat,justatthemomentwhenparliamentarycontrolwasestablishedoverthestate,circumstancesshouldhavearisenwhichmadethemajorityreadytorestoretotheindividualconsciencethatsupremacyoverreligionwhichthemedievalecclesiasticshadclaimedforthecorporationoftheuniversalthurch.00InhisownhouseandinhisOwnconscience,everyEnglishman,asfarasthegovernmentwasconcerned,wasthemasterofhisdestiny.00IfhehadnowresignedratherthandemeanhimselfbyIctingagainsthisconscience,itisbynomeansunlikelythathewouldhavebeenrecalledtopowerbeforemanyyearswereover.00Thedisadvantageofthepossessionoftoostraitaconscienceinpoliticswasnevermoredismallyillustrated.00OntheothersidetheconscienceoftheNorthwasexcitedbyapassionatedesiretowipeouttheblotofslavery.00Hegavetheinstitutions,whichhadbeenthusestablished,thefullbenefitoftheassistancewhichthegovernmentwaspreparedtoaffordtoboardschools,ontheiradoptingaconscienceclauseunderwhichthereligioussusceptibilitiesoftheparentsofchildrenwereprotected.00TheintroductiontohisfirstvolumeofActesetparoles,rangingindatefrom1841to1851,isdatedinJune1875;itisoneofhismostearnestandmosteloquentappealstotheconscienceandintelligenceofthestudent.00The"BurlingameTreaty"recognizesChina'srightofeminentdomainoverallherterritory,givesChinatherighttoappointatportsintheUnitedStatesconsuls,"whoshallenjoythesameprivilegesandimmunitiesasthoseenjoyedbytheconsulsofGreatBritainandRussia";providesthat"citizensoftheUnitedStatesinChinaofeveryreligiouspersuasionandChinesesubjectsintheUnitedStatesshallenjoyentirelibertyofconscienceandshallbeexemptfromalldisabilityorpersecutiononaccountoftheirreligiousfaithorworshipineithercountry";andgrantscertainprivilegestocitizensofeithercountryresidingintheother,theprivilegeofnaturalization,however,beingspecificallywithheld.00Wearenotexhilaratedbythecheerfulness,thepolish,thefinemannersofBolingbroke,forBurkehadananxiousconscience,andwasearnestandintentthatthegoodshouldtriumph.00Theydidnotdenythatfastingmightbeagoodthing,nordidtheymaintainthatthechurchortheauthoritymightnotordainfasts,thoughtheydeprecatedtheimpositionofneedlessburdensontheconscience.00Whilestronglydiscouragingthearbitrarymultiplicationofpublicorprivatefasts,theEnglishChurchseemstoleavetothediscretionoftheindividualconscienceeveryquestionastothemannerinwhichthefastssheformallyenjoins,aretobeobserved.00Freethoughtandlibertyofconsciencehadindeedbeenpleadedfor,onvariousgrounds,inthecenturyinwhichhelived.00Itassertedtheprinciplesofcivilequalityandfreedomofconscience,itreformedthecriminallaw,andlaiddownajustschemeoftaxation.00Atfirsttheyarelittlemorethanmereinventoriesofsins,withtheirappropriateecclesiasticalpunishments;graduallycasesofconsciencecometobediscussedanddecided,andthebasisislaidforthatsystemofcasuistrywhichreacheditsfulldevelopmentinthe14thand15thcenturies.00Allactsofnaturalvirtueareimplicitlyincludedwithinthescopeofthislawofnature;butintheapplicationofitsprinciplestoparticularcases-towhichtheterm"conscience"shouldberestricted-man'sjudgmentisliabletoerr,thelightofnaturebeingobscuredandpervertedbybadeducationandcustom.00Itisperhapseasytounderstandhow,inthecrisisof1640,whentheethico-politicalsystemofHobbesfirsttookwrittenshape,apeace-lovingphilosophershouldregardtheclaimsofindividualconscienceasessentiallyanarchical,anddangeroustosocialwell-being;buthoweverstrongmightbemen'syearningfororder,aviewofsocialduty,inwhichtheonlyfixedpositionswereselfishnesseverywhereandunlimitedpowersomewhere,couldnotbutappearoffensivelyparadoxical.00TomeetthisviewButlerdoesnotcontenthimself,asissometimescarelesslysupposed,withinsistingonthenaturalclaimtoauthorityoftheconsciencewhichhisopponentrepudiatedasartificial;headdsasubtleandeffectiveargumentadhominem.00Indeed,wemaysaythatanegoistmustbedoublyself-regulative,sincerationalself-loveoughttorestrainnotonlyotherimpulses,butitselfalso;forashappinessismadeupoffeelingsthatresultfromthesatisfactionofimpulsesotherthanself-love,anyover-developmentofthelatter,enfeeblingtheseotherimpulses,mustproportionallydiminishthehappinessatwhichself-loveaims.If,then,itbeadmittedthathumanimpulsesarenaturallyundergovernment,thenaturalclaimofconscienceorthemoralfacultytobethesupremegovernorwillhardlybedenied.00Buthasnotself-lovealso,byButler'sownaccount,asimilarauthority,whichmaycomeintoconflictwiththatofconscience?00ButtoButler'smorecautiousmindthecompletenessofthisharmonydidnotseemsufficientlydemonstrabletobetakenasabasisofmoralteaching;hehasatleasttocontemplatethepossibilityofamanbeingconvincedoftheopposite;andhearguesthatunlessweregardconscienceasessentiallyauthoritative-whichisnotimpliedintheterm"moralsense"-suchamanisreallyboundtobevicious;"sinceinterest,one'sownhappiness,isamanifestobligation."00Stillonthisview,eveniftheauthorityofconsciencebeasserted,weseemreducedtoanultimatedualismofourrationalnature.00Butlerdoesnotdenythis,sofarasmereclaimtoauthorityisconcerned;1buthemaintainsthat,thedictatesofconsciencebeingclearandcertain,whilethecalculationsofself-interestleadtomerelyprobableconclusions,itcanneverbepracticallyreasonabletodisobeytheformer,evenapartfromanyproofwhichreligionmayfurnishoftheabsolutecoincidenceofthetwoinafuturelife.00Thisdualismofgoverningprinciples,conscienceandself-love,inButler'ssystem,andperhaps,too,hisrevivalofthePlatonicconceptionofhumannatureasanorderedandgovernedcommunityofimpulses,isperhapsmostnearlyanticipatedinWollaston'sReligionofNatureDelineated(1722).00ThereisanothersideofShaftesbury'sharmonywhichButlerwasultimatelyledtoopposeinamoredecidedmanner,-theopposition,namely,betweenconscienceorthemoralsenseandthesocialaffections.00IntheSermons,indeed(1729),Butlerseemstotreatconscienceandcalmbenevolenceaspermanentlyalliedthoughdistinctprinciples,butintheDissertationonVirtue,appendedtotheAnalogy(1739),hemaintainsthattheconductdictatedbyconsciencewilloftendifferwidelyfromthattowhichmereregardfortheproductionofhappinesswouldprompt.00Onlyinasecondarysenseisapprovalduetocertain"abilitiesanddispositionsimmediatelyconnectedwithvirtuousaffections,"ascandour,veracity,fortitude,senseofhonour;whileinalowergradestillareplacedsciencesandarts,alongwithevenbodilyskillsandgifts;indeed,theapprobationwegivetotheseisnotstrictlymoral,butisreferredtothe"senseofdecencyordignity,"which(aswellasthesenseofhonour)istobedistinguishedfrom1InaremarkablepassagenearthecloseofhiseleventhsermonButlerseemseventoallowthatconsciencewouldhavetogivewaytoself-love,ifitwerepossible(whichitisnot)thatthetwoshouldcomeintoultimateandirreconcilableconflict.00Inthecaseofourownconductwhatwecallconscienceisreallysympathywiththefeelingsofanimaginaryimpartialspectator.00Reidconsiders"regardforone'sgoodonthewhole"(Butler'sself-love)and"senseofduty"(Butler'sconscience)astwoessentiallydistinctandco-ordinaterationalprinciples,thoughnaturallyoftencomprehendedundertheoneterm,Reason.00This"pleasurablegood-will,"whenthemoraljudgmentrelatestoaman'sownactions,becomes"thetestimonyofagoodconscience-thepurestandmostvaluableofallhumanenjoyments."00Asregardsmoralsentimentsgenerally,theviewsuggestedbyMillismoredefinitelygivenbythechieflivingrepresentativeoftheassociationistschool,AlexanderBain;bywhomthedistinctivecharacteristicsofconsciencearetracedto"educationundergovernmentorauthority,"thoughprudence,disinterestedsympathyandotheremotionscombinetoswellthemassoffeelingvaguelydenotedbythetermmoral.00Thecombinationofantecedentsissomewhatdifferentlygivenbydifferentwriters;butallagreeinrepresentingtheconscienceofanyindividualasnaturallycorrelatedtotheinterestsofthecommunityofwhichheisamember,andthusanaturalallyinenforcingutilitarianrules,orevenavaluableguidewhenutilitariancalculationsaredifficultanduncertain.00Thus,inhisview,notmerelynaturalinclinationstowardspleasures,orthedesiresforselfishhappiness,requiretobemorallyresisted;buteventhepromptingoftheindividual'sconscience,theimpulsetodowhatseemstohimright,ifitcomesintoconflictwiththecommonsenseofhiscommunity.00SimilarlythenotionofConscienceasaspecialfacultygivingitspronouncementsimmediatelyandwithoutreflectioncannotbemaintainedinthefaceofmodernpsychologicalanalysisandisuntruetothenatureofmoraljudgmentitself.00Libertyofconscienceisunrestricted.00TheactshockedthereligiousconscienceofwesternAsia;thesubsequentmurderofSennacheribwasheldtobeanexpiationofit,andhissuccessorEsarhaddonhastenedtorebuildtheoldcity,toreceivetherehiscrown,andmakeithisresidenceduringpartoftheyear.00ThemainprovisionsoftheedictofNantesmaybebrieflysummarizedundersixheads:(r)ItgavelibertyofconsciencetotheProtestantsthroughoutthewholeofFrance.00Hebuiltallonconscience,asthatwhereinmanstandsindirectpersonalrelationwithGodasmoralsovereign,andtheseatofamoralindividualitywhichnothingcanrightlyinfringe.00TheyfoundabrilliantinterpreterinAeschines,who,afterhavingbeenatragicactorandaclerktotheassembly,hadenteredpoliticallifewiththeadvantagesofasplendidgiftforeloquence,afinepresence,ahappyaddress,areadywitandafacileconscience.00Conscience,asthesubjectiveexpressionofthepresupposedidentityofreasonandnatureintheirbases,guaranteesthepracticabilityofourmoralvocation.00Thisconditiongivesfourgeneralclassesofduty:dutiesofgeneralassociationordutieswithreferencetothecommunity(Rechtspflicht),anddutiesofvocation(Berufspflicht)-bothwithauniversalreference,dutiesoftheconscience(inwhichtheindividualissolejudge),anddutiesofloveorofpersonalassociation.00Duringthefaminewhichbeganinthewinterof1739one-fifthofthepopulationissupposedtohaveperished;yetitishardlynoticedinliterature,andseemsnottohavetouchedtheconscienceofthatEnglishpublicwhichin1755subscribed£roo,000forthesufferersbytheLisbonearthquake.00TheIrishbishopsremainedsilent,whileinEnglandthe"Nonconformistconscience"revolted.00Eachofthemneededmoney,butCharlesV.,prickedbyconscienceonhisdeath-bed,forbadethelevyingofthehearth-tax(1380).00Insodoing,theyseparatedintellectualfrompopularlife;andactinginthisspirit,throughtheneedofamoralrenaissance,theyrevertedtoprimitiveChristianity,substitutingtheinnerandindividualauthorityofconscienceforthegeneralandexternalauthorityoftheChurch.00CondandColigny,who,havingobtainedlibertyofconscienceinJanuary1561,nowdemandedlibertyofworship.ThecolloquyatPoissybetweenthecardinalofLorraineandTheodoreBean(September1561),didnotendintheagreementhopedfor,andthedukeofGuisesofarabuseditsspiritastoembroiltheFrenchCalvinistswiththeGermanI00ThiswastheculminatingpointofGerinainProtestantliberty;forColignyexactedandobtained,(1570.)first,libertyofconscienceandofworship,andthen,asaguaranteeofthekingsword,fourfortifiedplaces:LaRochelle,akeytothesea;LaCharit,inthecentre;CognacandMontaubaninthesouth.00Barere,however,appearstohavebeenwhollyfreefromanyguidingprinciple;consciencehehadnone,andhisconductwasregulatedonlybythedeterminationtobeonthesideofthestrongest.00Inlatertimestheconceptionofconscienceasaninwardmonitorissymptomaticofthesamemovementofthought.00WithlibertyofconscienceduringtheRevolution,from1868to1877,theChurchlostground,andanti-clericalideasprevailedforawhileinthecentresofrepublicanisminCataloniaandAndalusia;butareactionsetinwiththeRestoration.00Forinstance,libertyofconscience,establishedforthefirsttimein1869,wasreducedtoaminimumoftolerationforProtestantworship,schoolsandcemeteries,butwithastrictprohibitionofpropagandaandoutwardsignsoffaith.00TheSudanjudicialcodes,basedinpartonthoseofIndiaandinpartontheprinciplesofEnglishlawandofEgyptiancommerciallaw,providefortherecognitionof"customarylaw"sofarasapplicableand"notrepugnanttogoodconscience."00Theseadmissions,togetherwithhiselucidationoftheideaofdoctrinaldevelopmentandhiseloquentassertionofthesupremacyofconscience,haveledsomecriticstoholdthat,inspiteofallhisproteststothecontrary,hewashimselfsomewhatofaLiberal.00Whenthetimingwasright,hehadtheadvantagesofstrengthandnegotiatingwithoutthehindranceofmercyoraconscience.00Dean'sconscience,wastakingsomeheat,too.00All tyranny needstogainafootholdisforpeopleofgoodconsciencetoremainsilent. Sheglancedupathimagain,notexpectingsomeonefromthelowerclassandtrainedforbattletowearsuchaclassicquote.00Shewastheirdiary,theircalendarandtheirconscience,andtheylovedherlikeasister.00NowatleasthecouldincludeareferencetoCeceBaldwin'snamewithoutaguiltyconscience.00TheNigeriansectionoftheCWIactivelycollaboratedwiththerulingclassinformingtheNationalconscienceparty-aradicalbourgoisparty.00IhadsatnofurtherfromaCabinetMinisterthanfromadiningcompanion,andhadabusedhimaccordingtomyconscience.00ConcordatsextendthereachofCanonLaw,andhumanrightslawyersexpressconcernabouttheimpendingSlovak"conscienceconcordatsextendthereachofCanonLaw,andhumanrightslawyersexpressconcernabouttheimpendingSlovak"conscienceconcordat".00HefindsaperfectcounterbalanceinMax,whoseconscienceanddesireforself-preservationareatoddswitheachotherthroughoutthefilm.00Anditsmoraldecadencemeansadecayofconscience.00IntheCrucible,theideaofconscienceinstronglyemphasized.00Youmusthavesomethingprettyghastlyonyourconsciencetomakesuchafussaboutmytrustingyou.00Parliamentwasdeaf;thePress,withbutfewexception,wascallous;thepublicconscienceseemedhardenedasanethermillstone.00CommentingonhisvisitNormanBakerMPsaid:"ThesituationinTasmaniaisabsolutelyhorrificforanyonewithanenvironmentalconscience.00ShehadnoideathatKlimpscouldwrite,andhehadnevershownanyinklingofpossessingaconscience.00Anexampleofthisisacriminalwholacksmoralconsciencebutisextremelyintelligent.00Therearenomoreprisonersofconscience,nomoreextrajudicialkillings,andcivillibertiesare,byandlarge,respected.00The100yearsofthe18thcenturysawthemostextraordinarystirringsofconscience.00Thismanhas"bugged"myconsciencesinceIfoundthetombstoneofhiswifeatCastleton.00IfeelthatIhavelostthevirginityofmyconscience.00Ghostly,theeyesofthysoulisthyreason;thyconscienceisthyvisageghostly.00Thuspoeticalwisdom,appearingasaspontaneousemanationofthehumanconscience,isalmosttheproductofdivineinspiration.00Amanoffearlesshonesty,quickandcatholicsympathies,broadculture,andmanyfriendsinintellectualandreligiouscircles,hebecameoneofthemostinfluentialjournalistsoftheday,hisfinecharacterandconscienceearninguniversalrespectandconfidence.00Itssubjectisthe``conceit"thatmenfirstclippedawaythe``con"from"conscience"andleft"science"and"namair."00Andhonesty,conscienceandequityweresaidtobethefundamentalprinciplesofthecourt.00LordNottinghamin1676reconciledtheancienttheoryandtheestablishedpracticebysayingthattheconsciencewhichguidedthecourtwasnotthenaturalconscienceoftheman,butthecivilandpoliticalconscienceofthejudge.00Astute,ambitiousandunrestrainedbyconscience,Duboisingratiatedhimselfwithhispupil,and,whilehegavehimformalschoollessons,atthesametimepanderedtohisevilpassionsandencouragedhimintheirindulgence.00Hitherto,byhisownshowing,theprivatelifeoftheyoungtsarhadbeenunspeakablyabominable,buthissensitiveconscience(hewasnaturallyreligious)inducedhim,in1550,tosummonaZemskySoborornationalassembly,thefirstofitskind,towhichhemadeacuriouspublicconfessionofthesinsofhisyouth,andatthesametimepromisedthattherealmofRussia(forwhosedilapidationheblamedtheboyarregents)shouldhenceforthbegovernedjustlyandmercifully.00Haggai'sreproofstouchedtheconscienceoftheJews,andthebookofZechariahenablesusinsomemeasuretofollowthecourseofareligiousrevivalwhich,startingwiththerestorationofthetemple,didnotconfineitselftomattersofceremonyandritualworship.Ontheotherhand,Haggai'streatmentofhistheme,practicalandeffectiveasitwasforthepurposeinhand,movesonafarlowerlevelthantheaspirationsoftheprophetwhowrotetheclosingchaptersofIsaiah.00Atoneofthemeetingsthefatherofanewly-bornchildexplainedthathecouldnotgooutsideFrancetoseekapurebaptismandthathisconsciencewouldnotpermithischildtobebaptizedaccordingtotheritesoftheRomishChurch.00Thissecuredcompletelibertyofconscienceeverywherewithintherealmandthefreerightofpublicworshipinallplacesinwhichitexistedduringtheyears1596and1597,orwhereithadbeengrantedbytheedictofPoitiers(1577)interpretedbytheconventionofNerac(1578)andthetreatyofFleix(1580)-inallsometwohundredtowns;intwoplacesineverybailliageandsenechaussee;inthecastlesofProtestantseigneurshautsjusticiers(somethreethousand);andinthehousesoflessernobles,providedtheaudiencedidnotconsistofmorethanthirtypersonsoverandaboverelationsofthefamily.00ThesuppressionofRomanCatholicismwaszealouslypursuedbyCromwell;thepriestswerehunteddownandimprisonedorexiledtoSpainorBarbados,themasswaseverywhereforbidden,andtheonlylibertyallowedwasthatofconscience,theRomanistnotbeingobligedtoattendProtestantservices.00AsTheodorethadpreviouslybeenaconstantdefenderofNestoriusitwasimpossibleforhimtoconcurinthissentenceuponhisunfortunatefriendwithaclearconscience,andinpointoffacthedidnotchangehisowndogmaticposition.00IfLangisright,"primitive"peoplesdrewtypicaltheisticinferences,andarguedtoGodfromnatureandfromconscience,thoughwithoutdisplacingothertypesofreligiousbeliefandpractice.00Or,beginningfromtheotherside;neithertherealitywhichidealthoughtreachesafter,noryettherealitywhichourconsciencepostulates,isthevalidworldoforderlythinking.00Thereare(a)giveninstinctive"propensions";(b)apartofhigherprinciples,"benevolence"and"rationalself-love,"equallyvalidwitheachother,thoughattimestheymayseemtoconflict;(c)thereisthemasterprincipleofconscience,whichjudgesbetweenmotives,butdoesnotitselfconstituteamotivetoaction.00Thisdivinity"withinaman,"this"legislatingfaculty,"which,lookedatfromonepointofview,isconscience,andfromanotherisreason,mustbeimplicitlyobeyed.00Hithertohehadrarelyappearedatcourt;butnowthequeenentrustedhimnotonlywiththecareofherconscience,butalsowiththebeneficesintheroyalpatronage.00HewasnorealstatesmanorministeroftheGospel,butablindfanatic,whofailedtoseethatfaith,whichisthegiftofGod,cannotbeimposedonanyconsciencebyforce.00Forhimself,herests,likethemystic,uponanimmediatevisionoftruth;buthediffersfrommostmysticsinhavingamessageforothers;and-againunlikemostmystics-headdressesthehearer'sconscience,whichwemightcall(inonesense)themysticelementineveryman-orbetter,perhaps,theprophetic.Canthepositivegroundsforaprophet'smessagebeanalysedandstatedintermsofargument?00ThusastepforwardwasmadeinsecuringthefreedomofconscienceproclaimedintheOctobermanifestoanddenouncedbyasynodofOrthodoxbishopsatKievin1908,thoughtherightsgrantedbytheDumawereseriouslycurtailedintheImperialCouncil,andhavebeenlargelyrenderedadeadletterbytheactionoftheadministration.00GrindallackedthatfirmfaithinthesupremeimportanceofuniformityandautocracywhichenabledWhitgifttopersecutewithaclearconsciencenonconformistswhosetheologywasindistinguishablefromhisown.00HissisterDrusillahadbrokentheLawbyhermarriagewithFelix;andhisownnotoriousrelationswithhissisterBerenice,andhiscoinswhichboretheimagesoftheemperors,wereanopenaffronttotheconscienceofJudaism.00Fouryearslateraninsurrectionbrokeout,owingtotheviolationoftheprovisionsofanimperialdecree(February1856),wherebylibertyofconscienceandequalrightsandprivilegeswithMussulmanshadbeenconferreduponChristians.00Ifitbeaskedwhythecharactermaynotbedisplayedinordinaryactsinsteadofmiracles,theanswermaybegiven,"MiracleisthecertificateofidentitybetweentheLordofNatureandtheLordofConscience-theproofthatHeisreallyamoralbeingwhosubordinatesphysicaltomoralinterests"(Liddens'ElementsofReligion,p.73).00Theresponsewasinstantaneous:thekingofFrancehimself,whoboreonhisconsciencetheburdenofanunpunishedmassacrebyhistroopsatVitryin1142,4tookthecrusadingvowontheChristmasdayof1145.00If,onwhatiscalledthe"jural"theory,theselawsareregardedasderivingtheirauthorityfromanexternalsource,theoperationofconscienceissofarlimited.00Itmaybeheldtorecognizethevalidityofdivinelaws,forexample;oritmaybeconfinedtothedeductiveprocessofapplyingthoselawstoparticularcases,knownas"casesofconscience"(seeCasuistry).00Ineithertheory,consciencemaybeunderstoodastheactiveprincipleinthesoulwhich,infaceoftwoalternatives,tellsamanthatheoughttoselecttheonewhichisinconformitywiththemorallaw.00Apartfromthetwofunctionsofdiscerningbetweenrightandwrong,andactivelypredisposingtheagenttomoralaction,consciencehasfurtheraretrospectiveactionwherebyremorsefallsuponthemanwhorecognizesthathehasbrokenamorallaw.00AConscienceclauseisthetermgiventoaspecialprovisionofteninsertedinanEnglishactofparliamenttoenablepersonshavingreligiousscruplestoabsentthemselvesfromcertainservices,ortoabstainfromcertainduties,otherwiseprescribedbytheact.00Onthe12thofJanuary1904LoisywrotetoCardinalMerrydelValthathereceivedthecondemnationwithrespect,andcondemnedwhatevermightbereprehensibleinhisbooks,whilstreservingtherightsofhisconscienceandhisopinionsasanhistorian,opinionsdoubtlessimperfect,asnoonewasmorereadytoadmitthanhimself,butwhichweretheonlyformunderwhichhewasabletorepresenttohimselfthehistoryoftheBibleandofreligion.00Helivesinhistory,apartfromhisthreehymns,mainlyasamanofunstainedpurityandinvinciblefidelitytoconscience,weakonlyinacertainnarrownessofviewwhichisafrequentattributeoftheintensecharacterwhichhepossessed.00Emphasiswasmadetofallonthereason,theconscienceandthewillofthefinitepersonality;andjustasthesewerefoundtobenativeinhimtheywereheldtobeimmanentinthecauseofhisuniverse.00DuringthenextfourweeksnoeffortwassparedtoshakethedeterminationofHuss;buthesteadfastlyrefusedtoswervefromthepathwhichconsciencehadoncemadeclear.00Thelibertyofthepress,therightoffreeexpressionofopinionbyword,writing,printedmatter,etc.,libertyofconscienceandreligiousprofessionareguaranteed.00Theattempt,thoughdefeated,hadbeensupportedbyamajorityoftherepresentativesfromUpperCanada,andBaldwin'sfastidiousconsciencetookitasavoteofwantofconfidence.00ButwhatevertheguiltorinnocenceoftheJesuits,andwhethertheirsuppressionwereill-advisedornot,thereappearstobenogroundforimpeachingthemotivesofClement,orofdoubtingthathehadtheapprovalofhisconscience.00Theconfessorbroughtthecasuist'sprinciplestobearontheconscienceofhispenitents,andthussavedthemfromthedangerofactingontheirownresponsibility(seeCasuistry).00TheDissenterswerebynomeanssatisfiedwithForster's"conscienceclause"ascontainedinthebill,andtheyregardedhim,theex-Quaker,asadeserterfromtheirownside;whiletheyresentedthe"25thclause,"permittingschoolboardstopaythefeesofneedychildrenatdenominationalschoolsoutoftherates,asaninsidiousattackuponthemselves.00Inthefirstplace,owingtothegeneraldisuseofsuchministrations,therewerenoneamongtheEnglishclergywhohadexperienceindelicatequestionsofconscience;andtherehadbeennotreatmentofcasuistrysinceSandersonandJeremyTaylor(seeCasuistry).00IknowIcan'tpreventyourdoingso,butifyouhaveasparkofconscience...00AndIsayboldlythatIhavenotasingleman'slifeonmyconscience.00Idonotwishtotakeitonmyconscience.00Sowhynotsharewhattrulyinspiresus,ortouchestheheart,orpurgestheconscience?00Onthebasisofthis,theworshipers,oncepurged,havenomoreconscienceofsins.00Heexperiencesnotroubles,noproblems,noqualmsofconscience.00Imyselfwasnotwithoutsomeremorseofconscience:thepoorresultachievedseemedtometoodearlybought.00IfRilkeorBeethovencansalvetheconscienceofaguiltymanthentheytooareguiltybyassociation.00WhenTonyBlairsaidAfricawasascarontheconscienceoftheworld,hespokeonbehalfofmillions.00TheDeaneryofCoventryandLitchfieldwassubsequentlyofferedhim,whichfromscruplesofconscience,herefused.00MedXXXVII:1Theself-questioningintellectexaminesitself,morallythisisconsciencewhichelicitsself-reproach.00Ibypassedappealingtoconscienceinfavorofpointingoutvariousself-servingreasonstotakeorganicsseriously.00Thesetacticswillhelpyouenjoyyouralbumswithaclearconscience!00Weswim,swim,swim...areyoumyconscience?"00Forthebudgetconscienceshopper,keepanopenmindandshopthriftstoresfortheperfectpair.00Inrecentyears,Arnold'spoliticalaffiliationshavebroughtonamoreenvironmentallyconsciencemindframe.00Althoughthisseemscontrarytomostconsumers'financialconscience,distresseddenimisactuallymoreexpensivethanordinarystyles.00Organicnaturalgiftshopsarethebestplacetofindgiftswithaconscience.00StagefouristheLawandOrder,orSocialSystemandConsciencestage.00StagesixisthePrincipledConscienceortheUniversal/EthicalPrinciplesstage.00Adultsherearemotivatedbyindividualconsciencethattranscendscultural,religious,orsocialconventionrules.00Ofextremeconcernistherarechildwhoactswithnoremorse,andappearstohavetoconscience.00Thechilddevelopsappreciationofrulesandaconsciencethatinfluencescomplianceandaffectsdisobedience.00Internalmotivationsofconscienceandguiltdonotdevelopuntilthemiddlechildhoodyears.00Itwaspowerfulenough,however,tostickforeverinthenationalconscience.00Thebadgesystemencouragesgirlstodevelopqualitiessuchassocialconscience,strongvalues,leadershipandself-worthaswellasadedicationtothecommunity.00WhilemostcitieshavesomepublicChristmasrituals,onlyNewYorkofferstraditionsthatarelodgedinthenationalconscience.00Surprisegiftsandflowersfornoapparentreasoncanbetheactsofaguiltyconscienceratherthanromance.00Addapumpkinfillingandyoucaneatthispieforbreakfastwithaclearconscience.00AnauthenticChanelbagiscertainlynotforthebudgetconscience,withpricesrangingfrom$1000to$2000abag.00Checkoutthefollowingsourcesforhoursoffreeentertainmentyoucanwatchwithaclearconscience.00JiminyCricketactsashisconscienceashenavigatesthroughtemptationtoprovehe'sworthy.00Itmaybebettertoconsiderthetheorythatknowingsomethingbeforeithappensorhavingadreamcometruecouldbealittlesparkofthedivinewhisperingthosemessagestoyourconscience.00FromNashvilletoHollywood,manyoftoday'shottestandmostfashionconsciencestarsareinked.00Letyourconsciencebeyourguideifyou'rethinkingaboutpurchasingareplicawatch.00Stride:Marketedasa"trainingpartner",theStridecanserveasyourconstantcompanionaswellasyourconsciencewhileyoutrainforathleticactivities.00Ifyoucan'twriteapositiverecommendationingoodconscience,donotwriteone.00Isyourannualvacation,bonusorlifestylemorevaluabletoyouthanaclearconscience?00TomZarek-ThepoliticalterroristwasplayedbyoriginalseriesstarRichardHatchandservedasaconscienceagainsttheleadershipofRoslin,BaltarandAdama.00ThatwayyoucanusetheimageswithaclearconscienceandstillhavetherightfirefightergraphicsforMySpaceoranyothersocialnetwork.00Youcanspenditwithafreeconscience.23HesaidIcouldspendhismoneywithaclearconscience.66AllthisattentionfromHowardcouldbeduetoaguiltyconscience.11Youwantednicethings,soyousubstitutedyourfamilyforaconscience.11Yullystoppedattheendofthedrivewayandsqueezedhereyesclosed,tormentedbyherconscience.11He'dobeyedtheCodeandhispredecessorwithoutquestion,untilforcedtochoosebetweenthemandhisconscience.11Ihardlythinkthatafterallthistimemyfangshavesuddenlydevelopedaconscience.11Hefoundthatpuzzling,neverconsideringhimselftohavemuchofaconscience.11I'mnotabouttohaveyourdeadbodyonmyconscience.11YoucanneverbesureByrnewon'tgetaconscience...11Unrequitedlovecouldwreakhavoconaconscience.11Itisaforciblepleaforfreedomofconscience.11Anyoneintrospectivelyapprehendingthefactsmustgrant,hethought,thatbenevolencewasanintegralpartofhumannatureandthatconsciencewasrightfullysupreme.2930Hebecomestheinterpreterandvindicatorofdivinejustice,thevocalexponentofanation'sconscience.11ItdividedtheWhigsinto"CottonWhigs"and"ConscienceWhigs,"andintimeledtothedownfalloftheparty.4546Thepartplayedbyconscienceinrelationtogeneralmorallawsandparticularcaseswillvaryaccordingtotheviewtakenofthecharacterofthegenerallaws.3637Therearecertainspecialusesoftheword"conscience."11Consciencemoneyisthenamegiventoapaymentvoluntarilymadebyapersonwhohasevadedhisobligations,especiallyinrespectoftaxesandthelike.66ConscienceCourtswerelocalcourts,establishedbyactsofparliamentinLondonandvariousprovincialtowns,fortherecoveryofsmalldebts,usuallysumsunder£5.11Althoughtherewaslittleornostresslaidoneitherthejoysortheterrorsofafuturelife,themovementwasnotinfrequentlyaccompaniedbymostofthosephysicalsymptomswhichusuallygowithvehementappealstotheconscienceandemotionsofarudemultitude.11In1677thefundamentallawsofWestNewJerseywerepublished,andrecognizedinamostabsoluteformtheprinciplesofdemocraticequalityandperfectfreedomofconscience.11Wesleyhadnotyetfoundthekeytotheheartandconscienceofhishearers.12Itisinkeepingwiththeirwholepointofviewthattheyclaimnodivineinspirationforthemselves:theyspeakwithauthority,buttheirauthorityisthatofreasonandconscience.44Fortheoldexternallawtheysubstitutetheinternallaw:conscienceisrecognizedasthepowerthatapprovesorcondemnsconductNivxii,Ecclus.23Personalliberty,libertyofconscience,speech,assembly,petition,association,press,libertyofmovementandsecurityofhome,werewithoutrealguaranteeevenwithintheextremelysmalllimitsinwhichtheynominallyexisted.11Clearandforcibleinstyleandarrangement,theyaremodelsofPuritanexpositionandofappealthroughtheemotionstotheindividualconscience,illuminatedbyfrequentflashesofspontaneousandoftenhighlyunconventionalhumour.11Andonthe21stofNovember1907apapalmotupropriodeclaredallthedecisionsoftheBiblicalCommission,pastandfuture,tobeasbindingupontheconscienceasdecreesoftheRomanCongregations.11Believersinlawhaveputtheirtrustinauthorityorlogic;whilebelieversindispositionchieflylooktoourinstinctivefaculties-conscience,common-senseorsentiment.11Butcommon-senseandconsciencearequiteasdefiniteguidesaslogicorauthority;andthereseemsnogoodreasonforrefusingtogivethenameofcasuistrytotheiroperations.11Thaminmaintainsthat,ifhisheroesdidnotformgreatcharacters,atanyratetheytaughttheRomanchildtotrainitsconscience.11Themedievalmindwasonlytoopronetolookonmoralityasahighlytechnicalart,quiteasdifficultasmedicineorchancerylaw-apathwherewayfaringmenwerecertaintoerr,withnoguidebuttheirunsophisticatedconscience.11ForitistotheindividualconsciencethatGodspeaks;throughthestrugglesoftheindividualconscienceHebuildsupastrongandstableChristiancharacter.11ButtheProtestantcasuistneverpretendedtospeakauthoritatively;allhedidwastogivehisreasons,andleavethedecisiontotheconscienceofhisreaders.12ButPrussiawasnotripeforastrugglewithAustria,evenhadFrederickWilliamfounditinhisconsciencetoturnhisarmsagainsthisancientally,andtheresultwasthehumiliatingconventionofOlmtitz(November29th,1850),bywhichPrussiaagreedtosurrenderherseparatistplansandtorestoretheoldconstitutionoftheconfederation.11Aclearconscience,notlessthanasenseofhisownsuperioritytoothersatthecourtofLouisXIII.,madethecardinalhaughtilyasserthisascendancy,andthekingsharedhisbeliefinboth.11ElectedbythetiersNatofVermandoistorepresentitinthestates-generalofBlois,hecontendedwithskillandboldnessinextremelydifficultcircumstancesforfreedomofconscience,justiceandpeace.11Thelawtobeadministeredineachstateisthecustomarylawofthestate,sofarasitisinaccordancewiththejustice,equityandgoodconscience,andnotopposedtothespiritofthelawintherestofBritishIndia.11HewasnevercrownedatBabylon,whichwasinaperpetualstateofrevoltuntil,in691B.C.,heshockedthereligiousandpoliticalconscienceofAsiabyrazingtheholycityofBabylontotheground.11ThesimoniacalelectionofPietroMezzabarbaasbishopofFlorence(1068)causedseriousdisturbancesandalongcontroversywithRome,whichendedinthetriumph,afteratrialbyfire,ofthemdnkPetrusIgneus,championofthepopularreformmovement;thiseventindicatesthebeginningsofapopularconscienceamongtheFlorentines.23HedenouncedMilton'sDivorceiatPleasure,wasansweredintheColasterion,andcontemptuouslyreferredtointhesonnet"OntheForcersofConscience."23Hissubsequentdefenceoftheproposedgrant,onthegroundthatitwouldbeimproperandunjusttoexcludetheRomanCatholicChurchinIrelandfroma"moreindiscriminatingsupport"whichthestatemightgivetovariousreligiousbeliefs,wasregardedbymenoflesssensitiveconscienceasonlyprovingthattherehadbeennoadequatecauseforhisresignation.11ItcannothavebeenhisconsciencewhichconstrainedhimtoleaveTeresa,forhisnextstepwastomarryBerengariaofCastile,whowashissecondcousin.11Heconceiveditas"areligiousmonopoly"towhich"thenationatlargecontributes,"while"Presbyteriansalonereceive,"andwhichplacedhimin"arelationtothestate"so"seriouslyobjectionable"astobe"impossibletohold."5TheinvidiousdistinctionitdrewbetweenPresbyteriansontheonehand,andCatholics,Friends,freethinkingChristians,unbelieversandJewsontheother,whowerecompelledtosupportaministrythey"conscientiouslydisapproved,"offendedhisalwaysdelicateconscience;whilepossiblytheintellectualandecclesiasticalatmosphereofthecityproveduncongenialtohisliberalmagnanimity.11AttheReformationLutherlaiddowntheprinciplethatthecivilgovernmentisconcernedwiththeprovinceoftheexternalandtemporallife,andhasnothingtodowithfaithandconscience.11Theresultisexplainedonlybythedialogue,recordedexclusivelyinJohn,whichshowstheaccusedandtheRomanmeetingonthehighestlevelsofthethoughtandconscienceofthetime.11Inthepopularmindthehostsofexcitingorientalcults,whichinthe3rdand4thcenturiesoftheEmpirefilledRomewiththeritesofmysticismandinitiation,heldundisputedsway;andwiththemoreeducatedarevivedphilosophy,lessaccurateperhapsinthought,butmoresatisfyingtothereligiousconscience,gavemenaclearermonotheisticconception,andanotionofindividualrelationswiththedivineinprayerandevenofconsecration.67AndOrigencomparesthemtothesacredvessels,andwouldhavethem"guardedsecretlybehindtheveiloftheconscienceandnotlightlyproducedbeforethepublic."11Libertyofconscienceinreligiousmatterswassecuredandtherightofprivateworshiptothoseofthe"so-calledReformedreligion."11Ashasbeenmentionedalready,thenewchartersoftenedreligioustestsforofficeandthesuffrage,andaccorded"libertyofconscience"excepttoRomanCatholics.22HetooktheliberalsideinthequestionsofMaynooth,oftheadmissionofJewstoparliament,oftheGorhamcase,andoftheeducationalconscienceclause.11Theytreatedthepeoplewithhorriblebarbarity,sothattheconscienceofEuropewasaroused,andEnglandunderCromwellcalledontheProtestantpowerstojoininremonstrancetothedukeofSavoyandtheFrenchking.22Itspringsfromthereligiousprinciplethateachbodyofbelieversinactualchurch-fellowshipmustbefreeofallexternalhumancontrol,inorderthemorefullytoobeythewillofGodasconveyedtoconsciencebyHisSpirit.22Whatevermaybethoughtoftheirapplicationoftheseprinciples,thereisnomistakingthedeeplyreligiousaimoftheseseparatistsforconscience'sake,viz.22Herehe,firstofknownEnglishwriters,setsforthadoctrinewhich,whilefallingshortoftheAnabaptisttheorythatthecivilrulerhasnostandingintheaffairsoftheChurch,inthatreligionisamatteroftheindividualconsciencebeforeGod,yetmarksacertainadvanceuponcurrentviews.11Hencetheirdoctrinewasnotreallyoneoffreedomofconscienceortoleration.11ToaffordahomeforthecentralizedactivitiesoftheUnion,theMemorialHall,FarringdonStreet,London,wasbuiltonthesiteoftheFleetprison-soilconsecratedbysacrificeforconscienceunderElizabeth-andopenedin1875.12ChurchandState,citizenshipintheoneandmembershipintheother,thusbecameidentical,andthefoundationwaslaidforthosetroublesandconsequentseveritiesthatvexedandshamedtheearlyhistoryofIndependencyinNewEngland,naturalenoughwhenalltheircircumstancesarefairlyconsidered,indefensiblewhenweregardtheirideaoftherelationofthecivilpowertotheconscienceandreligion,butexplicablewhentheirchurchideaaloneisregarded.11Theysay,`Cometousyewhoareofcleanhandsandpurespeech,yewhoareunstainedbycrime,whohaveagoodconsciencetowardsGod,whohavedonejustlyandliveduprightly.'11Itookthebest`mugwump'stand-myownconscience,myownjudgmentweretodecideinallthings.11Atasubsequentconfederation,heldatLublininJune,Zebrzydowskiwasreinforcedbyanothergreatnobleman,StanislausStadnicki,calledtheDevil,who"hadmorecrimesonhisconsciencethanhairsonhishead,"andwasinthehabitofcroppingtheearsandnosesofsmallsquiresandchaininghisserfstothewallsofhisundergrounddungeonsformonthsatatime.11Fortheshockofthefirstpartitionwassofarsalutarythatitawokethepublicconsciencetoasenseofthenationalinferiority;stimulatedtheyoungergenerationtoextraordinarypatrioticefforts;andthuswentfartoproducethenativereformerswhoweretodosuchwondersduringthegreatquadrennialdiet.11AsapresumptiverulerofEnglandshewas,likeCecil,andforthatmatterthefuturearchbishopParkeralso,tooshrewdtocommitherselftopassiveoractiveresistancetothelaw;andtheymerelyanticipatedHobbesinholdingthattheindividualcommittednosininsubordinatinghisconsciencetothewillofthestate,fortheresponsibilityforthelawwasnothisbutthestate's.22Elizabethresistedthedemand,notfromcompassionorqualmsofconscience,butbecauseshedreadedtheresponsibilityforMary'sdeath.22Butitwasonethingtotouchtheconscienceofthenationandanothertochangeitsheartandrenewitswholelife.11Comparedwiththethoroughnessofmostothercatechismsthisoneseemsveryscanty,butithasabetterchanceofbeingmemorized,anditsverysimplicityhasgivenitafirmholdontheinnerlifeandconscienceofdevoutmembersoftheAnglicancommunionthroughouttheworld.11IfsubmissionsdonotappeasemyconscienceImustimbtstotwooersonsofdiscretionandabidebytheirdecision."12Indeed,hedisavowsanysuchclaimbystatingexpressly,inhisdedicationtotheking,"Ihavewithacleareconsciencepurely&faythfullytranslatedthisoutoffyuesundryinterpreters,hauyngonelythemanyfesttruethofthescripturebeforemyneeyes,"andintheProloguehereferstohisindebtednessto"TheDouche(German)interpreters:whom(becauseoftheyrsyngulergyftesandspecialldiligenceinTheBible)Ihauebenthemoregladtofoloweforthemostparte,accordyngeasIwasrequyred."22Theyextendthisideaofequalityalsotothegovernmentauthorities,obediencetowhomtheydonotconsiderbindingupontheminthosecaseswhenthedemandsoftheseauthoritiesareinconflictwiththeirconscience;whileinallthatdoesnotinfringewhattheyregardasthewillofGodtheywillinglyfulfilthedesireoftheauthorities.11Theyconsiderkilling,violence,andingeneralallrelationstolivingbeingsnotbasedonloveasopposedtotheirconscienceandtothewillofGod.22Thehardshipshesufferedwereasnothingcomparedwiththepangsofconsciencewhichplaguedhimwhenhethoughtofthedespairofhisfather,whohadmeanttomakeapastorofthisprodigalson,towhombothchurchandcollegenowseemedforeverclosed.11Hisgeniuswasunusuallyrichandversatile;hisartisticconsciencealwaysalertandsober.11Secularstateeducationandthe"conscienceclause"wereanathematohim.11Inthefirsttwocenturiestheriteisspokenofasanofferingandasabloodlesssacrifice;butitisGod'sowncreations,thebreadandwine,almsandfirst-fruits,which,offeredwithapureconscience,hereceivesasfromfriends,andbestowsinturnonthepoor;itisthepraiseandprayerswhicharethesacrifice.11Thegeneralsenseisclear,thatthosewhoconsumetheholyfoodwithoutaclearconscience,likethosewhohandlesacredobjectswithimpurehands,willsufferphysicalharmfromitscontact,asiftheywereundergoingtheordealoftouchingaholything.01Similarly,theideaofGodisasymbolicalrepresentationofthevoiceofconscienceguidingfromwithin.01Itwasanausterereligion,inculcatingself-restraint,courageandhonesty;itsecuredpeaceofconsciencethroughforgivenessofsins,andabatedforthosewhowereinitiatedinitsmysteriesthesuperstitiousterrorsofdeathandtheworldtocome.01Whenalaymanfoundhimselfindoubt,hisdutywasnottoconsulthisconscience,buttotaketheadviceofhisconfessor;whiletheconfessorhimselfwasboundtofollowtheruleslaiddownbythecasuisticalexperts,whodeliveredthemselvesofakindof"counsel'sopinion"onallknottypointsofpracticalmorality.01ButhowevervagueanduncertainmightbethemeaningofHoadlyinregardtoseveraloftheimportantbearingsofthequestionsaroundwhichhearouseddiscussion,hewasexplicitindenyingthepoweroftheChurchovertheconscience,anditsrighttodeterminetheconditionofmeninrelationtothefavourofGod.01Asyetnomeansareknownwhichcallsomuchintoactionasagreatwar,thatroughenergybornofthecamp,thatdeepimpersonalitybornofhatred,thatconsciencebornofmurderandcold-bloodedness,thatfervourbornofeffortintheannihilationoftheenemy,thatproudindifferencetoloss,toone'sownexistence,tothatofone'sfellows,tothatearthquake-likesoul-shakingwhichapeopleneedswhenitislosingitsvitality."01Oneoftheso-called"PhilosophersofIdentity,"KrauseendeavouredtoreconciletheideasofaGodknownbyFaithorConscienceandtheworldasknowntosense.22God,intuitivelyknownbyConscience,isnotapersonality(whichimplieslimitations),butanall-inclusiveessence(Wesen),whichcontainstheUniversewithinitself.22InthatyeartheOrissafamineawakenedthepublicconscience,andthecommissionpresidedoverbySirGeorgeCampbelllaiddownthelinesuponwhichsubsequentfamine-reliefwasorganized.22AftertwentyfouryearsofsufferingforhisconsciencehediedinprisonandwasburiedinanunknowngraveintheparishchurchatWisbeachonthe16thofOctober1584.22MorewassentfortoLambeth,whereheofferedtosweartothesuccession,butsteadilyrefusedtheoathofsupremacyasagainsthisconscience.01Meanwhile,throughholdingwithKantthatmanisnotGod,butafreespirit,whosedestinyitistousehisintelligenceasameanstohisduty,heisstilltheresortofmanywhovindicateman'sindependence,freedom,conscience,andpowerofusingnatureforhismoralpurposes,e.g.01Newman(1801-1890),maintainingtheauthorityofconscienceandtheprobabilismoftheunderstanding,concludedtothenecessityofahigherauthorityintheprimitivechurch.11Accordinglymanyofthem,whileplacingtheirhopeforthefutureuponMessiahandHiseagerlyexpectedreturninpower,mightseekassuranceofpresentforgivenessofdailyoffencesandcleansingofconscienceintheoldmediatorialsystem.11Tohim,also,inhiscapacityoftheologian,thewholeofEuropesubmittedeveryobscure,delicateorcontrovertedquestion,whetherlegalproblemorcaseofconscience.01Thechancellorneverrealizedthegravityoftheonslaughtwhich,withhisKulturkampf,hewasmakingupontheconscienceandlibertyofhisCatholicfellowcitizens.01IncarryingouttheregimeofRampolla,whichwas,ineveryrespect,abadimitationofthatofAntonelli,theVaticanleftnostoneunturnedinitsattempttocoercetheconscienceoftheFrenchroyalists;itdidnotevenstopatdishonour,aswasevidencedbythecaseoftheunhappyMgrd'Hulst,who,inordertoevadethecensorshipofhispamphletonOldTestamentcriticism,hadtoabandonbothhiskingandhisprinciples,onlytodieinexileofabrokenheart.11Ifinthisconfessionhetosomeextenttamperedwithhisconscience,thereiseveryreasontobelievethathisculpabletimiditywasoccasioned,notbypersonalfear,butbyanxietylestbyhisdeathheshouldhinderinsteadofpromotingthecauseoftruth.01Sincethe12thcentury,thepapalcourthadalreadyhadofficialsknownaspenitentiaries(poenitentiarii)formattersofconscience;theorganizationofthePenitentiary,afterseveralmodifications,wasrenewedbyBenedictXIV.11ThePrickeofConsciencewasedited(1863)byRichardMorrisforthePhilologicalSociety.01Origentaughtthatagermofthespiritualbodyisinthepresentbody,anditsdevelopmentdependsonthecharacter,thatperfectblissisreachedonlybystages,thattheevilarepurifiedbypain,consciencebeingsymbolizedbyfire,andthatall,eventhedevilhimself,willatlastbesaved.01InthatyearBishopHanningtonwenttoAfrica;andhismurderin1885(firstreportedinEnglandonNewYear'sDay,1886)deeplytouchedtheChristianconscience.23AccordingtotheMemoirsofSirJamesMelville,bothLordHerriesandhimselfresolvedtoappealtothequeenintermsofboldandearnestremonstranceagainstsodesperateandscandalousadesign;Herries,havingbeenmetwithassurancesofitsunrealityandprofessionsofastonishmentatthesuggestion,instantlyfledfromcourt;Melville,evadingthedangerofamerelypersonalprotestwithoutbackerstosupporthim,laidbeforeMaryaletterfromaloyalScotlongresidentinEngland,whichurgeduponherconsiderationandherconsciencethedangeranddisgraceofsuchaprojectyetmorefreelythanHerrieshadventuredtodobywordofmouth;butthesoleresultwasthatitneededallthequeen'scourageandresolutiontorescuehimfromtheviolenceofthemanforwhom,shewasreportedtohavesaid,shecarednotifshelostFrance,Englandandherowncountry,andwouldgowithhimtotheworld'sendinawhitepetticoatbeforeshewouldleavehim.01Inplaceoftheoldsystemofprivilegesandexemptionsweresetequalitybeforethelaw,universalliabilitytotaxation,abolitionofserfdom,securityofpersonandproperty,libertyofconscienceandofthepress.01TheBelgianconstitutionstipulatesfor"freedomofconscience,ofeducation,ofthepressandalsooftherightofmeeting,"butthesovereignmustbeamemberoftheChurchofRome.01Beforeitsdissolutionthedietpromulgatedadecreeprovidingthat,pendingtheassemblyofanationalcouncil,eachprinceshouldordertheecclesiasticalaffairsofhisownstateinaccordancewithhisownconscience,astrikingvictoryforthereformersandincidentallyforseparatistideas.01ThePrickeofConscienceisalongreligiouspoem,inrhymingcouplets,dealingwiththebeginningofman'slife,theinstabilityoftheworld,whydeathistobedreaded,ofdoomsday,ofthepainsofhell,andthejoysofheaven,thetwolattersubjectsbeingtreatedwithuncompromisingrealism.01UnderMowat'ssuccessorsthebarnacleswhichalwaysattachtoapartylonginpowerbecameunpleasantlyconspicuous,andinJanuary1905theconscienceofOntariosenttheconservativesintopower,morefromdisgustattheiropponentsthanfromanyenthusiasmforthemselves.01Forgeneraltalkabouttheevilsofslaverytheycaredlittle,butthisassertionthateveryslavewasentitledtoinstantfreedomfilledthemwithalarmandrousedthemtoanger,fortheysawthat,iftheconscienceofthenationweretorespondtotheproposition,thesystemmustinevitablyfall.01Thisobjectheachieved,butsoonhisconsciencesmotehim,andhedeclaredthesewordstohavebeenaninspirationofSatan.01Hetriedtocalmtheunrestofhisconsciencebycorrespondencewiththeleadersoftheevangelicalrevivalonthecontinent,andsoughtforomensandsupernaturalguidanceintextsandpassagesofscripture.01Castlereagh,whosesingle-mindedaimwastherestorationof"ajustequilibrium"inEurope,reproachedthetsartohisfacefora"conscience"whichsufferedhimtoimperiltheconcertofthepowersbykeepinghisholdonPolandinviolationofhistreatyobligation.'11Astillmorestrikingcontrastisthepassionateoutburstofsympathyandindignationwithwhich,inthesamediary,hecommentsonthesupposedkidnappingofLutherbyfoulplayonhisreturnfromthedietofWorms.Withoutbeingoneofthosewhoinhiscitytookanavowedpartagainsttheoldecclesiasticalsystem,andprobablywithoutseeingclearlywhitherthereligiousfermentofthetimewastending-without,thatis,beingproperlyspeakingaReformer-DiirerinhisartandhisthoughtswastheincarnationofthosequalitiesoftheGermancharacterandconsciencewhichresultedintheReformation;and,personally,withthefathersoftheReformationhelivedinthewarmestsympathy.01Hehadanelasticconsciencewhichwasalwaysatthebeckandcallofhisdesire,andhecaredlittleforprinciple.01Hisparricidalrebellionlayheavyonhisconscience;hepractisedasceticismatintervals,anddreamedofeasternpilgrimages.01InthehandsoftheministersaCalvinismmoreCalvinisticthanCalvin'swasthebitterfoeoffreedomoflife,ofconscience,andofreligioustolerance.01Meanwhilesheonlyaskedfreedomofconscienceforherself,andhermassinherownchapel.11Thesubjectstowhichhelookedasthemostessentialofall-theuniversalityofthedivinelove,thesupremeimportanceofthemoralandspiritualelementsofreligion,thesupremacyofconscience,thesenseofthecentralcitadelofChristianity.01Thegroundofmoraljudgmentsinthebookisbothexternal(thelawofGod)andinternal(theconscienceofman);thesetwoarefusedintoone,andbothgobackultimatelytocurrentcustomsandideas.01Anaturalreligion,ontheotherhand,wasnot,hethought,theoneuniversalreligionofeveryclimeandage,butratherthespontaneousdevelopmentofthenationalconsciencevaryinginvaryingcircumstances.01ThisAufkleirungpreparesthewayfortheruleofconscience,forthemoralviewoftheworldassubjectofamorallaw.01Ontheonehand,thesuppressionisdenouncedasabasesurrendertotheforcesoftyrannyandirreligion,anactoftreasontoconscience,whichreapeditsjustpunishmentofremorse;ontheotherhand,itisasardentlymaintainedthatClementactedinfullaccordwithhisconscience,andthattheordermeriteditsfatebyitsownmischievousactivitieswhichmadeitanoffencetoreligionandauthorityalike.01Hecherishedhighpurposesandobeyedalivelyconscience.01Butthethesespostedsomehowtouchedheartandconscienceinawayunusualinthecommonsubjectsofacademicdisputation.11Theonethingwhichsatisfiedhisconsciencewastheburdensomethinghehadtodo,andthatwastoprocureanIndulgence-amattermadeincreasinglyeasyforhimastimewenton.11Nocompromisewaspossiblebetweenthedeclarationthatman'sconsciencecouldonlybeboundbytheWordofGodandtheemperor'sbeliefintheinfallibilityofageneralcouncil.11ThoughastrictadherentofthecreedofRome,hewasaLiberal,nayaRadical,asregardsmeasuresforthevindicationofhumanliberty,andhesincerelyadvocatedtherightsofconscience,theemancipationoftheslaveandfreedomoftrade.11Ofthemeasuresproposedtothisendhesays:"Iconsideredfour,passedorreported,asformingasystembywhicheverytracewouldbeeradicatedofancientorfuturearistocracy,andafoundationlaidforagovernmenttrulyrepublican"-therepealofthelawsofentail;theabolitionofprimogenitureandtheunequaldivisionofinheritances(Jeffersonwashimselfaneldestson);theguaranteeoffreedomofconscienceandreliefofthepeoplefromsupporting,bytaxation,anestablishedchurch;andasystemofgeneraleducation.11Oudhwasthusannexedwithoutablow;butitmaybedoubtedwhethertheonemeasureofLordDalhousieuponwhichhelookedbackhimselfwiththeclearestconsciencewasnottheveryonethatmostalarmednativepublicopinion.11IntheletterstoAtticus,ontheotherhand,wehaveCicero'sprivatejournal,hisconfessionstothedirectorofhisconscience,therecordofhismoodsfromdaytoday,withoutalterationsofanykind.11ThoughClarkecanthusbedefendedagainstthisandsimilarcriticism,hisworkasawholecanberegardedonlyasanattempttopresentthedoctrinesoftheCartesianschoolinaformwhichwouldnotshocktheconscienceofhistime.11Thiswasfollowed,in1750byTheAbusesofConscience,afterwardsinsertedinvol.01Denyinganyformofmoralsenseorconscience,heregardsallthesocialvirtuesasevolvedfromtheinstinctforself-preservation,thegive-and-takearrangementsbetweenthepartnersinadefensiveandoffensivealliance,andthefeelingsofprideandvanityartificiallyfedbypoliticians,asanantidotetodissensionandchaos.01Initsoriginthissystemwasaperfectlyhonestattempttowidenthesphereofobediencebymakingmoralitywhollyobjectiveandindependentofthevagariesoftheindividualconscience.01Whateveragravedoctorsaidmusthavesomesolidreasonsbehindit-aliquanitiprobabilitate-andhumblelay-folkcouldactuponitwithoutatwingeofconscience.01IfGodspokedirectlytotheindividualconscience,whatwastheuseofintermediaries ?01Virtuethenconsistsinfollowingthetruelawofournature,thatis,conscience.33Evenontheformalsideitisalittledifficulttoseewhatpartconscienceplays.12HisDeConscientia,ejusJureetCasibus(1632),anattempttobringChristianethicsintoclearrelationwithparticularcasesofconductandofconscience,wasanewthinginProtestantism.12Butneitherinhisactionsnorinhiswritingsistheretheleasttraceofthatbeliefinlibertyofconscienceascribedtohimby18th-centuryphilosophers.12Hisservicestomoralsdonotconsistinanypositivecontributionstothenotionsofactiveduty,butinthestrengthwithwhichhehasrealizedandexpressedtherestraininginfluenceoftheoldRomanandItalianidealofcharacter,andalsoofthatreligiousconsciencewhichwasbecominganewpowerintheworld.12Oncemore,asin1580,Portugalwasgovernedbyecclesiasticsinthenameofanabsolutemonarch;oncemore,asin1580,thechiefstrengthoftheecclesiasticalpartywastheSocietyofJesus,whichstillcontrolledtheconscienceandmindofthenationandofitsnominalrulers,throughtheconfessionalandtheschools.12Eventhe"resolutions"(56yTara)oftheJerusalemconferencewerenotsetforthbytheapostlespresentsimplyintheirownname,norasipsofactobindingontheconscienceoftheAntiocheneChurch.12Henceariseinfiniteandinextricabledifficultieswhichobstructthestudyofcanonlaw;animmensefieldforcontroversyandlitigation;athousandperplexitiesofconscience;andfinallycontemptforthelaws."'WeknowhowtheVaticancouncilhadtoseparatewithoutapproachingthequestionofcanonicalreform;butthisgeneraldesireforarecastingoftheecclesiasticalcodewastakenupagainontheinitiativeofRome.12Itisnotasearedconsciencethat'slostallsensitivity.7374OpeninspectionofthepapersamplyconfirmedJudgeBabington'sconclusionsandstirredthepublicconscience.8383Youcanrationalize,tryingtojustifyyourselfinyourownmind,butaviolatedconsciencewillnotbeeasilyconvinced.5859Hehadqualmsofconscience.23Thechaptersonconscienceinthesixthvolumearesimplymasterly,eventothisday.12Thisecclesiasticismviolateseveryprincipleofmorality,andhardenstheconsciencethathastodowithit.12Onthebasisofthis,"theworshipers,oncepurged,havenomoreconscienceofsins.12AdamPrice:Icannotinallconsciencewithdrawthatremark.12Deepandholyreverenceisenforceduponusbyeverypageofdivinetruth,andeverydictateofthehumanconscience.12Wherefore[ye]mustneedsbesubject,notonlyforwrath,butalsoforconsciencesake.12Buteveryonemustfollowthedictatesofhisownconscience,insimplicityandgodlysincerity.12Conscienceisinfourseven-linedstanzas.33Hewasalwaysreadytoprotecttherightsofconscience,whethertheywereclaimedbyDissentersorCatholics,andthepopularfurywhichledtothedestructionofhishouseduringtheGordonriotswasmainlyduetothefactthataCatholicpriest,whowasaccusedofsayingMass,hadescapedthepenallawsbyhischargetothejury.22Ofthethreeworkswhichconstitutetogetherthefullexpositionofhisinterpretationofexperience,laConsciencewaspublishedin1889,MatiereetMemoirein1896,andL'EvolutionCreatricein1907.22Thecalmcheerfulnessandresolutionwithwhichhemethisfateshowthathefeltthathehadclearedhisconscience,andthathisrecantationofhisrecantationswasarepentancethatneedednottoberepentedof.22Inpopularusage"conscience"isgenerallyunderstoodtogiveintuitivelyauthoritativedecisionsasregardsthemoralqualityofsingleactions;thisusageimplicitlyassumesthateveryactionhasanobjectiveorintrinsicgoodnessorbadness,which"conscience"maybesaidtodiscernmuchinthesamewayastheeyeseesortheearhears.12Apartfromthoseclergy(stillthemajority)whofollowinallessentialsthepost-ReformationtraditionsoftheEnglishChurch,therearethreeschoolsamongthosewhojustifytheuseoftheancient"eucharistic"1vestments:(I)asmallnumberwhoaffecttoignoretherulesofthePrayerBookaltogether,onthegroundthatnolocalornationalChurchhastherighttoalterthedoctrinesorpracticeoftheCatholicChurch,ofwhichtheyarepriestsinvirtueoftheirordination,andwhoseprescriptionsandusagestheyareinconscienceboundtofollow;(2)thosewhomaintainthattheOrnamentsRubric,inthephrase"secondyearofKingEdwardVI.,"prescribestheornamentsinusebeforethefirstPrayerBook.;(3)thosewhoholdthatundertheRubrictheornamentsprescribedinthefirstPrayerBookaretobe"hadinuse."12Hisobjectwasnottodazzlebyaconformitywiththeartificialrulesoforatory,buttomovethesoulofthelistenerbyadirectappealtohisconscience.22Whatlivedintimebelongedtoeternity;themicrocosmwastheepitomeofthemacrocosm;thereasonwhichreignedinmaninterpretedthelawthatwasrevealedinconscienceandthepowerwhichgovernedhumandestiny,whilethefreedomwhichmanrealizedwasthedirectnegationbothofnecessityandoftheoperationofanyfortuitouscauseinthecosmos.12Butthoughheformulatednosystemofphilosophy,andseemedtoshowtheinfluencenowofPlato,nowofKant,orofGermanthoughtasfilteredthroughthebrainofColeridge,hewas,likehisAmericanmaster,associateandfriend,steadilyoptimistic,idealistic,individualistic.TheteachingsofWilliamElleryChanningalittlebefore,astothesacredinviolabilityofthehumanconscience-anticipatingthelaterconclusionsofMartineau-reallylayatthebasisoftheworkofmostoftheConcordtranscendentalistsandcontributorstoTheDial,ofwhomAlcottwasone.12SherejectedwithresolutedignitytheintercessionofFrenchenvoysforthelifeofthequeen-dowagerofFrance;sheallowedthesentenceofdeathtobeproclaimedandwelcomedwithbonfiresandbellringingthroughoutthelengthofEngland;sheyieldedarespiteoftwelvedaystothepleadingoftheFrenchambassador,andhadachargetrumpedupagainsthimofparticipationinaconspiracyagainstherlife;atlength,onthe1stofFebruary1587,shesignedthedeath-warrant,andthenmadehersecretarieswritewordtoPauletofherdispleasurethatinallthistimeheshouldnotofhimselfhavefoundoutsomewaytoshortenthelifeofhisprisoner,asindutyboundbyhisoath,andthusrelievehersingularlytenderconsciencefromtheguiltofbloodshed.12NextyearhepublishedLePape,avisionofthespiritofChristinappealagainstthespiritofChristianity,hisidealfollowerconfrontedandcontrastedwithhisnominalvicar;nextyearagainLaPitiesupreme,apleaforcharitytowardstyrantswhoknownotwhattheydo,pervertedbyomnipotenceanddegradedbyadoration;twoyearslaterReligionsetreligion,apoemwhichisatonceacryoffaithandaprotestagainstthecreedswhichdeformanddistortandleaveitmisshapenandenvenomedanddefiled;andinthesameyearL'Ane,apaeanofsatiricinvectiveagainstthepastfolliesoflearnedignorance,andlyricraptureofconfidenceinthefuturewisdomandthefinalconscienceoftheworld.23Withsuchfollowershemadetheconstitutionof1876andallthelawsofthemonarchy,puttingalimitedfranchiseintheplaceofuniversalsuffrage,curtailinglibertyofconscience,rightsofassociationandofmeeting,libertyofthepress,checkingdemocracy,obligingthemilitarytoabstainfrompolitics,conciliatingtheCarlistsandCatholicsbyhisadvancestotheVatican,theChurchandthereligiousorders,panderingtotheprotectionistsbyhistariffpolicy,andcourtingabroadthefriendshipofGermanyandAustriaaftercontributingtothemarriageofhiskingtoanAustrianprincess.12Whyhaseverymanaconscience,then?5454Ourheartsaretobesprinkledfromanevilconscience.11Tomymind,GroupBfeelsthestirringsofanecologicalconscience.01Nomanrejoicessafelyunlesshehaswithinhimthetestimonyofagoodconscience.01SirJohnhasbeenaflashlightbearerforthesocialconscienceinscience.01HowellshastilysentalinetosaythathehadbeensleepingThesleepofatorpidconscience.01NordoesLaurensonfullybringouttheDuke'sdarkside,yethesporadicallyrevealsadeeplytroubledconscience.01TheideaoftheplayinterestedHowells,buthehadtwingesofconscienceinthematterofusingOrionasmaterial.01Verse5,theydon'thaveagoodconscienceandunfeignedfaith.01Foucaultishighlycriticalofsuchintellectualswithuniversalistaspirationsseekingtoactastheintellectualconscienceoftheirage.01TheintuitivethoughtofconscienceisthewhisperingofthevoiceofTruth.01Haveyoutriedaskingforforgivenesstoassuageyourguiltyconscience?01Everyoneispriceconscienceandeveryonewantstogetthebestproductforthebestdealpossible.01Whenwerecyclepaperproductswecanhelptheenvironment,ourbudgets,andourconscienceallatonce.01Mielehasbeenagreencompanyeversincethe1970s,longbeforethebrandnamebecamethemodernsealofsmarttechnologywithaconscience.01MonaveCosmeticsandSkinCare:In2009,thisbrandwonTheNaturalSolutionsmagazineBeautywithaConscienceaward.01Ibegantofeelselfconscienceaboutmysmileandwouldoftenavoidawidegrin.01Thatshouldeaseyourconsciencewhenitcomestobuyingmoreproductthanyoucaneverpossiblyuseinalifetimeunlessyou'reamakeupartist.01Markcosmeticsoffersthefashionconsciencegalanopportunitytomakeadifferenceinthelivesofothers,whilepromotingworthwhilecausessuchasthefightagainstsmokingandbreastcancer.01BareEscentualshasgrowntoofferanabundanceofcosmeticandpurebodyproductsdesignedfortheconscienceconsumer.01ThepopeinhisreplyexpresslycondemnedOrigen,butleftthequestionofRufinus'sorthodoxytohisownconscience.02If,ontheotherhand,thegenerallawsareregardedasintuitive,thenthediscernmentofthemmaybetakenasthetruefunctionofconscience.02Thisusagederivesfromthelastfunctionofconsciencementionedabove.02Hemadehisappealtotheconscienceintheclearestlanguage,withthemostcogentargument,andwithalltheweightofpersonalconviction.02BrowseothersentencesexamplesThewordusageexamplesabovehavebeengatheredfromvarioussourcestoreflectcurrentandhistorialusage.TheydonotrepresenttheopinionsofYourDictionary.com.RelatedArticlesJosephButlerTheEnglishphilosopherandtheologianJosephButler(1692-1752)developedamoralphilosophybasedonhumannatureandanaturaltheologythatemphasizedthevalidityofChristianbeliefs.JohnEmerichEdwardDalbergActonJohnEmerichEdwardDalbergActon,1stBaronActon(1834-1902),wasamajorEnglishscientifichistorianandCatholicphilosopher.Hisworkisdistinguishedbytheapplicationofrigorousstandardsofaccuracyandethicalprinciplestohistory.AlsoMentionedInBaptistheartconscisubjecnecessitarianunconlawrepentimmorsalvoconscienceselfWordsnearconscienceintheDictionarycons-cellconsanguinealconsanguineousconsanguinityconsarcinationconsarn-itconscienceconscienceclauseconscienceclausesconsciencemoneyconscienceroundconsciencerounds