Food safety incidents in Taiwan - Wikipedia

The authorities would try to trace the buyers of the tainted oil. On 10 October, health authorities ordered a total ban on and the recall of all animal oils ... FoodsafetyincidentsinTaiwan FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch ThisarticlemayrequirecleanuptomeetWikipedia'squalitystandards.Thespecificproblemis:Mergerleftpartiallyunfinished.Pleasehelpimprovethisarticleifyoucan.(September2019)(Learnhowandwhentoremovethistemplatemessage) Contents 12011:Plasticizeruseinfoodproducts 1.1History 1.2Reactions 1.2.1Domestic 1.2.2International 22013:Cookingoiladulterationandmislabeling 2.1Companiesinvolved 2.1.1ChangChiFoodstuffFactoryCo. 2.1.2FlavorFullFoodInc. 2.1.3FormosaOilseedProcessingCo. 2.1.4GeneherbsBiotechnologyCo. 2.1.5Sing-LinFoodsCorporation 2.1.6TaisunEnterpriseCo. 2.1.7TaLienAlcoholCompany 2.1.8TingHsinInternationalGroup 2.1.9WeiChuanFoodCorp 2.2Reactions 2.2.1Domesticresponses 2.2.2Internationalresponses 2.2.3China 2.2.4Singapore 2.2.5UnitedStates 32014:Gutteroilincident 3.1Firstcase 3.2Secondcase 3.3Thirdcase 3.4Affectedcompanies 3.5Reactions 3.5.1Domestic 3.5.2International 42014:Methylyellowintofu 5References 2011:Plasticizeruseinfoodproducts[edit] TheprincipalfoodsafetyincidentinTaiwanwasovertheuseoftheplasticizerDEHPtoreplacepalmoilinfoodanddrinksasacloudingagent.[1][2]Thechemicalagenthasbeenlinkedtodevelopmentalproblemswithchildrenasitaffectshormones.[3] Thefoodaffectedincludesbeverages,fruitjuices,bread,sportsdrinks,tea,andjam.[4] Aftertwoyearsofinvestigations,theTaiwanesegovernmentleviedNT$1.2million(approx.US$40,000)infinesagainst37companies,[5]orslightlymorethanUS$1000percompany. History[edit] InmidMay2011,TaiwaneseauthoritiesreportedthattwoTaiwanesecompanies[3]YuShenChemicalCo.andPinHanPerfumeryCo.wereusingplasticizerDEHPincloudingagentsthefirmsmanufactured.[3]Thiswasusedasasubstituteforpalmoilincloudingagentsasawaytokeepcostdownandimproveprofits.[3]However,WeiTeChemicalCo.,amanufacturerofcloudingagents,claimsthat"thereasonmostbusinessestendedtoutilizeillegalcloudingagentswasnotbecauseofprice,butratherthelongpreservationperiodsandestheticallypleasingeffectofusingDEHP-lacedproducts."[6] NeartheendofMay2011,theTaiwanesegovernmenthadbegunseizuresofcontaminatedproductsandannouncedabanfromexporting.[7]Later,thelistforgovernmentsafetycheckswasextendedtosyrups,tablets,pastries,andpowders.[8]By27May2011,"upto465,638bottlesofDEHP-taintedbeverageshavebeenpulledoutfromstoreshelves.Also,upto270,822boxesand68,924packsofpowderedprobioticsand28,539kilosoffruitjuices,fruitjam,powderandsyrup,andyoghurtpowderhavebeenremovedfromshelves",[9]accordingtoEcoWasteCoalitionandareportfromTaiwan'sFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA). AsofmidJune,thereareroughly900productswhichhavebeenrecalledfromnearly40,000Taiwaneseretailers.[10]Somemediareports,includinginTheEconomist,concludethatTaiwan'sformerreputationasareliableandsafefoodmanufacturingcountryhasbeendamaged.[10] TaiwaneseprosecutorsallegesthatoneofthecompanyYuShenatthecentreofthecrisishasused5tonneofDEHPeverymonthtomanufacturecloudingagentswhichissuppliedtofoodprocessingfirmsandpastryshops.[11]Therewere95TaiwanesemanufacturerswhichhasusedtheDEHPingredient.[11]Afurther244ingredientmanufacturingfirmshadalsousedtheDEHP.[11] Reactions[edit] Domestic[edit] MaYing-jeouhassaidthatthegovernmenthealthunitshavelaunchedthenation'slargest-everactiontosecurefoodsafetybycheckingupto16,000foodmakersandoutletsandremovingfromsalesstandsover20,000foodandbeverageitemssuspectedofbeingcontaminatedwithDEHP.[12] Healthofficialshaveinspectedover14,000foodvendorsandstoresaroundtheisland,takingover20,000productsoffshelves.[13] MahasbeencriticizedbytheoppositionDPPforhishandlingofthescandal.OppositionspokespersonLinYu-changpushedtheMaYing-jeouadministrationtocomeoutwithanew"D-Day"tocombatthenationalplasticizerscare.[13]TheKMTcriticizedtheDPPfortheirinabilitytodetectDEHPwhileitwasinpower.TheypointedoutthatDPPlegislatorHuangSue-yingspokeagainstplacingDEHPontheEPA'sclass-1controllistoftoxicsubstances.KMTlegislatorChiuYialsoallegedthattheDPPhadtieswiththeowneroftheYuShenCompany,LaiChun-chieh.Lai'ssonalsoclaimedonhisFacebookthatDEHPwasnotresponsibleforcancer,contrarytostudiesthatshowotherwise. International[edit] Chinesemainlandauthoritiesbanned812productsfromtheoriginallistof22fromTaiwan.[14]Thisincludesportsdrinks,tea,jam,juices,andotherbeverages.[14]Chinalaterupgradedthebannedlisttocover1004products.[15][16] InHongKong,authoritiesstartedmonitoringitsresidentsforcontamination.[17]TheybannedtwotypesofTaiwanesesportsbeveragecalledSpeed.HongKong'shealthsecretaryYorkChowstatedthatbecausetheingestionofthecarcinogenwillbeahealthrisk,hesupportedanoutrightbanoftheDEHPagent.[17]InneighboringMacau,healthauthoritiesfoundtheantacidScratSuspensionwastestedpositiveforDIBPwholaterissuedanoticeofrecalltolocalimportersandpharmacies.StandardChem＆PharmhadnotifieditsretailerstopulltheproductofftheshelvesinTaiwanandMacau.[18] MalaysianauthoritiesfoundsomebubbleteaproductswerecontaminatedwithDEHPandtheimporterswereinstructedtohaltimportationandceaseddistributionoftheproductsinMalaysia.[19] AuthoritiesinthePhilippinesbannedDEHPaffectedproductsandcarriedoutinvestigationsofimporterstoensureaffectedproductswererecalled.[11]VietnamandSouthKoreabothbannedaffectedTaiwaneseproductsfromimportation.[20][21] IntheUnitedStates,California-based99RanchMarket,oneofthelargestAsiangrocerychainsinthecountry,removedplasticizer-contaminatedbeveragesimportedfromTaiwan,offstoreshelves.[22] 2013:Cookingoiladulterationandmislabeling[edit] InOctober2013,ascandalbrokeoutinTaiwanregardingthepresenceofchlorophyllinincookingoil.SubsequentinvestigationsunearthedwidespreadadulterationandmislabelingamongstcookingoilproductssoldinTaiwan.Theresultingscandalaffectedmanyproducts,evenoutsidecookingoil,suchashealthpills,alcoholicbeverages,milkandrice.[23] Companiesinvolved[edit] ChangChiFoodstuffFactoryCo.[edit] ChangChiFoodstuffFactoryCo.(Chinese:大統長基)wasfoundtohaveusedcopperchlorophyllin,anillegalcoloringagentforcookingoil,initsoliveoilandhaveadulterateditshigher-endcookingoilwithcheapercottonseedoil.[24]ThecompanywasfinedNT$28.6millioninaccordancetotheActGoverningFoodSanitationafterauthoritieshavefoundthattheirproductshadbeenadulterated.[25]InDecember2013companychairmanKaoChen-liwassentencedtosixteenyearsinprisonforhisroleinthescandal.ThecompanywasalsomandatedtopayafurtherNT$50millionfine.[26]ANT$1.85billionfineleviedbytheChanghuaCountyPublicHealthBureauwasannulledinJuly2014becauseKaoandtwoothercompanyexecutiveshadalreadybeenjailed.KaoTsung-hsienoftheMinistryofHealthandWelfare’sAdministrativeAppealCommitteestated: GiventhattheChanghuaDistrictCourthashandeddownapunishmentagainstthecompany’schairman,KaoCheng-li[inDecemberlastyear],thecommitteemembersdecidedtocanceltheNT$1.85billionfineinaccordancewithArticle26oftheAdministrativePenaltyAct.— [27] FlavorFullFoodInc.[edit] FlavorFullFoodInc.(Chinese:富味鄉食品股份有限公司)wasaccusedofblendingcheapercottonseedoilintomoreexpensivecookingoilstoincreasetheirprofit.[24]On26October2013,thecompanyadmittedoftheirwrongdoingsthroughhealthofficials.Thecompanyhadadulterated24ofitsproductssoldinTaiwanwithcheapercottonseedoil,andalsoaddedflavoringagentstooneofitspeanutoilproducts.ThecompanyhadbeenfinedNT$8millionfor25violations.[28]TheformerchairmanandhisbrotherwereeachsentencedtosixteenmonthsinprisonandorderedtopayNT$25millioninSeptember2014.ThecompanyitselfwasorderedtopayafurtherNT$5millionfine.[29][30] FormosaOilseedProcessingCo.[edit] FormosaOilseedProcessingCo.(Chinese:福懋油)wasfoundtointentionallymislabeltheirsixcookingoilmixturesaspureoliveoils.Thecompanygeneralmanagerissuedanapologysayingthatthecompanywillstopsellingthesmall-packageoliveoil.ThecompanywasfinedNT$15million.[31] GeneherbsBiotechnologyCo.[edit] Theweight-losspillsmanufacturedbytheGeneherbsBiotechnologyCo.(Chinese:菁茵荋生物科技)werefoundtocontainunauthorizeddrugs.ThepillsproductcalledtheWellslimPlus+containscetilistat,alipaseinhibitordesignedtotreatobesity.[32] Sing-LinFoodsCorporation[edit] InearlyNovember,sodiumcopperchlorophyllinwasfoundonWuMu(Chinese:五木)steamedspinachramennoodlesbrandmanufacturedbySing-LinFoodsCorporation(Chinese:興霖).[33] TaisunEnterpriseCo.[edit] On20November2013,theFoodandDrugAdministrationofMinistryofHealthandWelfareconfirmedthegrapeseedoilmadebyTaisunEnterpriseCo.(Chinese:泰山)containstheprohibitedfoodadditivecopperchlorophyllincomplex.[34] TaLienAlcoholCompany[edit] Thecontentsof11outof12alcoholproductsmanufacturedbyTalienAlcoholCompany(Chinese:大聯製酒工業公司)werefoundnottomatchtheingredientslistedontheirlabelsasannouncedbytheDepartmentofFinanceofChanghuaCountyGovernmenton28October2013.ThecompanywasfinedNT$5.5million.[35] TingHsinInternationalGroup[edit] ThechairmanofTingHsinInternationalGroup(Chinese:頂新集團)wasindictedinearlyNovember2013onfraudchargesbecauseofmislabelingproductsandviolatingtheActGoverningFoodSanitationinconnectiontoadulteratedoilpurchasedfromChangChiFoodstuffFactoryCo.[33] WeiChuanFoodCorp[edit] WeiChuanFoodCorp(Chinese:味全食品)werefoundtobeinvolvedinanadulteratedcookingoilscandal.[36]Thechairmanofthecompanyofferedapublicapologyduringapressconferenceon5November2013.[37] Reactions[edit] Domesticresponses[edit] ROCPresident–On23October2013,PresidentMaYing-jeoupledgedtostrengtheninspectiononfoodandbeveragemanufacturersandseverelypunishthosewithalteredfoodproducts.HealsoorderedtheMinistryofHealthandWelfaretoholdanationalfoodsafetyconferenceinNovember2013toaddresstheissues. ExecutiveYuan–TheExecutiveYuanhadannouncedthatitissettingupajointfoodsafetyinspectionandcontrolteambetweentheyuanandMinistryofHealthandWelfareandCouncilofAgriculture.[38] ROCMinistryofHealthandWelfare(MOHW)–On23October2013,MinisterChiuWen-tasaidthathetookfullresponsibilityforcrackingdownthe'black-hearted'foodsuppliers. FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)–On29October,DeputyHeadWuHsiu-yingsaidthattheMOHWhaddraftedlawamendmentstoincreasepenaltiesforanyfoodfraud.Themaximumfineswouldbeincreased,whiletheminimumfineswouldremainthesame.FDAisalsoseekingheaviercriminalpenaltiesformanufacturersofadulteratedorcounterfeitfoodbylongerprisonservingduration.Rewardswillalsobegiventoanywhistleblowerexposingfoodfraudwithinhis/hercompany.[39] DeputyMinisterShiuMing-nengheldaninterimpressconferenceon30October2013.Thereisalistof37cookingoilproductsinwhichhewouldasktheMOHWofficialstogotothosemanufacturersandconductinvestigationbecauseofbeingsuspectedtocontainfattyacidissues.ThelistconsistsofTaisunEnterpriseCo.(Chinese:泰山),TingHsinInternationalGroup(Chinese:頂新集團)andTaiwanSugarCorporation(Chinese:台糖).[40] ROCMinisterofEconomicAffairs(MOEA)–ViceMinisterWoodyDuhsaidthattheMOEAIndustrialDevelopmentBureauisreviewingtheGoodManufacturingPractice(GMP)systemandmightrequireamanufacturertopresentitsexportandimportinvoicesanddeclarationsandtoallowon-the-spotinspectionforitsproductionlinewhenitseekcertification.HesaidthattheMOEAwillensurethattheGMPisaguaranteeforsafety,andwithoutitconsumerswillbeexposedmoretounsafefoods.[25] ROCEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration–MinisterStephenShensaidon28Octoberthathewouldinstructlocalcleaningsquadstoacceptandrecycleoilbottlesthatstillcontaintheadulteratedoil.[41] DemocraticProgressiveParty–FormerChairmanShihMing-tehsaidon24October2013thatheandhisfriendswouldfileaclass-actionlawsuitagainstFlavorFullFoodInc.toseekcompensationoveritsadulteratedoilproductsbecausehishousehold'sorganicsesameoilwasallfromthecompany.Anycompensationhereceivesfromthelawsuitwillbedonatedtocharityorganizations.[28] Internationalresponses[edit] China[edit] InMainlandChina,afooddistributorinFujianfiledalawsuitagainstChangChiFoodstuffFactoryCo.toseekdamagesforcompensation.[42]Xiamenhadordered40,000litersofcookingoilmadebyChangChiFoodstuffFactoryCo.toberemovedfromshelvesandsteppedupinspectionsonedibleoilproductspurchasedfromTaiwan.[36] Singapore[edit] SingaporeanfoodsuppliersthatsourcefromTaiwancookingoilcompaniesinvolvedinthefoodscandalwereorderedtoholdtheirshippingbytheGovernmentofSingaporeon22October2013.[24] UnitedStates[edit] InUnitedStates,storesremovedallTaiwanesefoodstaintedbythechemicalsandotherquestionableproductsofftheshelves.[43] 2014:Gutteroilincident[edit] ThisarticlemaybeexpandedwithtexttranslatedfromthecorrespondingarticleinChinese.(September2014)Click[show]forimportanttranslationinstructions. Viewamachine-translatedversionoftheChinesearticle. MachinetranslationlikeDeepLorGoogleTranslateisausefulstartingpointfortranslations,buttranslatorsmustreviseerrorsasnecessaryandconfirmthatthetranslationisaccurate,ratherthansimplycopy-pastingmachine-translatedtextintotheEnglishWikipedia. Consideraddingatopictothistemplate:therearealready1,155articlesinthemaincategory,andspecifying|topic=willaidincategorization. Donottranslatetextthatappearsunreliableorlow-quality.Ifpossible,verifythetextwithreferencesprovidedintheforeign-languagearticle. Youmustprovidecopyrightattributionintheeditsummaryaccompanyingyourtranslationbyprovidinganinterlanguagelinktothesourceofyourtranslation.AmodelattributioneditsummaryisContentinthiseditistranslatedfromtheexistingChineseWikipediaarticleat[[:zh:2014年臺灣餿水油事件]];seeitshistoryforattribution. Youshouldalsoaddthetemplate{{Translated|zh|2014年臺灣餿水油事件}}tothetalkpage. Formoreguidance,seeWikipedia:Translation. The2014TaiwanfoodscandalreferstoaseriesoffoodsafetyincidentsinTaiwanthatcametolightin2014.AdulterationofcookingoilwithrecycledwasteoilandanimalfeedoilwasdiscoveredinSeptember2014.[44][45]Despitecomingtolightonlyin2014,massfoodadulterationbyTaiwanesefoodconglomerates,however,hasbeensuppressedfordecades,andthefoodsafetycrisishasbeenamongthereasonsfortheelectoraldefeatoftheKuomintanginlate2014.Atleast1,256businesseswereaffectedinthegutteroilscandal.[46][47] Firstcase[edit] Theseriesofincidentsfirstcametolighton4September2014,whenitwasdiscoveredthattaintedcookingoilwasbeingproducedbyKaohsiung-basedcompanyChangGuannCo.(強冠企業)andbrandedasChuanTungFragrantLardOil(全統香豬油).[48]Thecompanywasfoundtohaveblendedcookingoilwithrecycledoil,greaseandleathercleaner.TherecycledoilwasprocessedbyanunlicensedfactoryinPingtungCountyownedbyKuoLieh-cheng(郭烈成),whoallegedlypurchasedtheoilfromwasterecyclerHuHsin-te(胡信德),whosefactoryisnamedShunTeEnterprises(順德企業行),locatedintheDaliaoDistrictofKaohsiung.[49][50] ChangGuannpurchasedupto243tonnesofrecycledwasteoildisguisedaslardfromthePingtungfactory,startinginFebruary2014.Thecompanythenallegedlyrefinedthewasteoilbeforemixingitwithprocessedlardandsellingthetaintedproducttoitsdistributors.Therecycledwasteoilwascollectedfromrestaurants,andincludeddiscardedanimalparts,fatandskin. ThePresidentofChangGuannCo.apologizedtothepublicon4September2014.Heemphasizedthathiscompanywasnotawareanddidnotintentionallybuythetaintedoil,andthattheoilthecompanypurchasedfromtheillegalPingtungfactorywasnotcheaperthanoilfromotheroilsuppliers.[48] On11September,reportsrevealedthatin2014,ChangGuannhadalsoimported87.72tonnesoflardoilfalselylistedforhumanconsumptionfromHongKong-basedGlobalwayCorpLtd.(金寶運貿易)thatwereactuallymeantforanimaluseonly.Since2008,ChangGuannhadimported56batchesoflardoilweighing2,385.1tonnesfromHongKong,about300tonnesofwhichwerepurchasedfromGlobalwayCorpbetween2011and2014.[51] TheTaiwanFoodGoodManufacturingPracticeDevelopmentAssociation(TFGMPDA)reportedthatthecookingoilproducedbyChangGuannhasneverbeenawardedGMPcertification,althoughtheTFGMPDAissuedanapologysayingthatfivefoodcompanieswhoseproductshavewonGMPcertificationhaveusedthetaintedoil.[52] SchoolsaroundTaiwanpulledalloftheproductscontainingthetaintedoilfromtheirschoolmealsafter16schoolswerediscoveredtobeusingtheadulteratedoilproducts.[53] ChangGuannwasfoundinviolationoftheActGoverningFoodSafetyandSanitationandfinedNT$50million.[46]YehWen-hsiang(葉文祥),chairmanofChangGuann,wasarrestedforfraudforhisroleinthescandal.[54][55] TheFDAbeganindefinitelyhaltingimportsofediblelardoilfromHongKongon11September.[51] On1October,prosecutorsrevealedthatafterviewinglabresults,KuoLieh-chengadmittedthatoilhesoldtoChangGuannCo.wasmixedwithcorpseoil,gutteroil,greaseandleathercleaner,andrecycledoil.[56] On3OctobertheMinisterofHealthandWelfareChiuWen-taresignedintheaftermathofthescandal.[57] Secondcase[edit] On9October,prosecutorslaunchedaninvestigationintoaunitofTingHsinInternationalGroup(頂新國際集團)oversaleofallegedtaintedcookingoil.ProsecutorTsaiLi-yisaidTingHsinunitCheng-IFoodCo.(正義股份有限公司)isbeinginvestigatedoverallegedlymixinganimalfeedoilwithcookingoilandthensellingitforhumanconsumption.[58]Cheng-IFoodCo.hasanestimated80percentshareofthelardandlard-basedoilmarketinTaiwan.[59]WeiYing-chung(魏應充),formerchairmanofthreesubsidiarieswithinTingHsinInternationalGroupandthirdofthefourWeibrotherscontrollingtheconglomerate,waspreviouslyindictedonchargesoffraudaspartofaninvestigationintothe2013Taiwanfoodscandal.[33] Aftertherevelations,theTaiwanpublicboycottedTingHsinitems,withanumberoflocalgovernments,restaurants,traditionalmarketsandschoolsrefusingtoconsumetheconglomerate'sproducts.[60]On16October,TingHsinannouncedthatitwillleaveTaiwan'soilmarketanddonateNT$3billiontowardfoodsafetyunderthesupervisionofRuentexFinancialGroup(潤泰集團)ChairmanSamuelYin.[61] On17October,theChanghuaDistrictCourtgrantedarequesttodetainWeiYing-chung.[62]OnOctober21,prosecutorssaidaccordingtoTingShin'sVietnameseoilsupplierDaiHanhPhuc,themajorityofanimalfeed-gradeoilimportedbyTingShinmaybeusedintheChinamarket.[63]Inresponse,consumersinChinacalledforaunitedboycottagainstTingHsinproducts.[64] InNovember2014,TingHsin'sproductsweretestedforAgentOrangesinceanunnamedsourcetoldauthoritiesthattheoilTingHsinimportedfromVietnammaycontaintracesoftheherbicidalweapon.[65] TheKaohsiungDistrictCourtruledthatCheng-IFoodowedNT$9.36millionindamages.[66] Thirdcase[edit] On3November,prosecutorsinTainantookLuChing-hsieh,ownerofBeeiHaeEdibleCo.andHsiehChingCorp.andhiswife,LuHuangLi-hua,intocustodyonsuspicionofmanufacturingcookingoilusingsubstandardoil.ProsecutorssaidHsiehChinghadboughtanimalfeed-gradebeeftallowandvegetableoilfromJinHong,atradingcompany,andthenallegedlymixedtheingredientstogetherforsaleascookingoil.[67] Affectedcompanies[edit] AccordingtoTaiwan'sFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA),anumberofcompaniesmadefoodproductsusingthetaintedoil,includingwell-knownbrandssuchasTaiwanSugarCorporation,VeWongCorp.(味王),ChiMeiFrozenFoodCo.(奇美食品),ShengHsiangJenFoodsCo.(盛香珍食品),GourmetMasterCo.(美食達人),YilinGroup(憶霖),HawdiiFoodsCo.(好帝一食品有限公司),etc.Restaurantchains,shopsandstoreswerealsoaffected,suchasGoodMorning(早安美芝城),WuWhaMaDumplingHome(五花馬),MagieduLevain(樂金食品),YuJenJai(玉珍齋),LeeHouCakeStore(李鵠餅店),BlackBridgeFoods(黑橋牌食品),LiJiCakeStore(犁記餅店),etc.[68][69][70] Wei-ChuanFoodCorporation(味全),asubsidiaryofTingHsinInternationalGroupwhichwaspreviouslycitedwithusingadulteratedcookingoilin2013,wasalsoinvolvedinusingtaintedcookingoilproducedbyChangGuann.Itssharepriceplummetedafterthecompanyannouncedarecallof12productsmadefromtherecycledoil:cannedpork,porksauces,meatpasteandporkfloss.Thecompanypromisedrefundstoitscustomers.Therecallannouncementsubsequentlyalsobroughtdownthesharepricesofotherrelatedfoodcompanies.[71][72][73][74][75] Reactions[edit] Domestic[edit] PresidentMaYing-jeoumadeapublicstatementsayingthattheoilscandalhappenedduetolaxinspectionoffoodmanufacturingfactoriesbylocalgovernments,andheurgedlocalmunicipalitiestostrengthenchecksonthosefacilities.[76]DemocraticProgressivePartyspokesmanHuangDi-yingsaidPresidentMashouldnotshifttheblamesolelytothelocalgovernmentssinceChangGuannCo.hasalsoallegedlyimportedover2,400tonnesofindustrial-gradelardfromHongKongoverthelastsixyears,withnofoulplayspottedbythecentralgovernment.[77] PremierJiangYi-huahdemandedtheLegislativeYuanofficialsensurefoodproductscontainingtheadulteratedcookingoilberemovedfromstoreshelvesandsealed.Healsovowedtopunishseverelythosewhowereinvolvedinthemakingoftherecycledoils,eventhoughtheymetfoodsafetystandards.[78] VicePremierMaoChi-kuodescribedthesellingofrecycledoilbyChangGuannCo.asavilecriminalactanddemandedthemostseverepenaltiesfortheperpetrators. TheMinistryofHealthandWelfarecommissionedagroupofexpertstoexaminethehealthimplicationsofconsumingtheillegalcookingoil.TheFDAimmediatelyreleasedalistof235foodcompaniesaroundTaiwanthathadreportedlypurchasedthetaintedoilproducts.Theyalsotestedthetaintedoilforanyheavymetals,aflatoxinandbenzopyrene,whichmaycausecancerinhumans.However,theycameoutwithaconclusionthatproductsfromthetaintedoildonotposeanyimmediatehealtheffectsbecause67%oftheoilwasstillgenuine,althoughtheremainingadulteratedmaterialsrequirefurtherexamination.[79] MinisterofEconomicAffairsWoodyDuhurgedtheTaiwanesefoodcompaniestoincreasetheirlevelofalertwhenobtainingmaterialsfortheirproductsandtomakeonsiteinspectionsattheirsuppliers'productionfacilities.[80]TheIndustrialDevelopmentBureauoftheministryplanstoimplementafull-scalemonitoringsystemtotracethesourcesofrawmaterialsandcheckthequalityofallfinishedprocessedfoodproductstopreventfuturesimilarincidents.[52] InvestigatorsfromtheMinistryofJusticewentthroughthebankaccountsbelongingtothecompaniesandindividualsinvolvedinthetaintedoilcasetoensurealloftheirillegalgainswereconfiscated. TheMinistryofNationalDefenseremovedallfoodproductsthatcouldcontainthetaintedoilfromitsmilitarystoresservingthearmedforces. TheCriminalInvestigationBureauoftheNationalPoliceAgency,accompaniedbyenvironmentalandhealthofficials,raidedandswepttheunlicensedPingtungfactory.Investigatorsfoundthatthelow-gradeoilrefinedfromfoodwastehadbeenprocuredbyseveralothercompaniesandrepackagedaslardoiltobesoldtoclients,anditwasexpectedthatatleastaround200tonnesoftheoilhadenteredthemarket.[81] TheDepartmentofHealthofKaohsiungCityGovernmentfinedChangGuannCo.NT$50million,thehighestthatcanbeimposedonviolationsunderArticle15-1oftheActGoverningFoodSafetyandSanitation(食品安全衛生管理法).Thecity'sEconomicDevelopmentBureaualsoshutdownShunTeEnterprisesafteritwasfoundtobeunregistered. TwoseparateprotestsoccurredinfrontoftheExecutiveYuan,on12Septemberand17October,demandingtheresignationsofJiangandlaterMa.[82][83] International[edit] TheGeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervision,InspectionandQuarantinecarefullyexaminedthepastrecordsoftheclaimed-affectedcompaniesandrestaurants.Theyalsowarnedcustomerstobecautiousoffoodproductsthatmaycontainthetaintedoil.[84] SecretaryforFoodandHealthKoWing-mansaidthattheHongKongGovernmentwouldcheckwhetheranyfoodimportedintotheregionhadanytaintedoilfromTaiwan.Theauthoritieswouldtrytotracethebuyersofthetaintedoil.[85]On10October,healthauthoritiesorderedatotalbanonandtherecallofallanimaloilsimportedfromTaiwan.[86] TheGovernmentofMacauwascriticizedbecauseoflaxinspectionoffoodingredientimports,althoughtheauthoritieshadearliersaidthatatleast21localfoodmanufacturersandretailershadbeenusingoilssuppliedbyChangGuannCo.[87] TheFoodandDrugAdministrationtoldbusinessestopullquestionableTaiwanesefoodproductsoffshelvesandsaidthatthePhilippineswouldacceleratesigningamemorandumoncooperationwithTaiwanonstrengtheningfoodsafetychecks.[88] TheAgri-FoodandVeterinaryAuthorityofSingaporeconductedtestsonsuspiciousfooditemsimportedfromTaiwan.TheincidentalsopromptedsomeretailersinthecountrytoseekclarificationfromtheirTaiwanesesuppliers.TravelagenciesalsopreventedSingaporeansfrombuyingsuspectedtaintedproductsinTaiwan.[89] 2014:Methylyellowintofu[edit] InNovember2014,itwasfoundthatdriedtofuproducts(a.k.a.dougan豆乾)havebeenadulteratedwithanindustrialdye,methylyellow(a.k.a.dimethyl),forsome20years.[90]InDecember2014,itwasfurthermorefoundthatevenregularnon-dyedtofuhasbeenfoundcontaminatedwithcarcinogens,resultinginover25,000 kgrecalled.[91] TofuandseasoningproductsfromTaiwanesemanufacturershavebeenfoundadulteratedinthelatestofastringofrelatedscandalsbeginninginNovember2014.ThescandalwasinitiallyuncoveredbyHongKongauthoritiesregardingthemanyflavoredtypesofdriedpreservedtofu,thatwererecalledfortoxicindustrialdyemethylyellowcontamination,afterinvestigationitwasconfirmedthatthisadulterationhadbeengoingonundetectedforover20years.Amajorsupplierto44manufacturers,ChienHsinEnterprises(芊鑫實業社)ofTainancitywasimplicatedastheorigin.Despitethefactthatmethylyellowcanoftenbedetectedbycolor(brightyellow),afurtherscandaleruptedinthefollowingdaysregardingregulartofu(whiteoroilcoloriffried).Regulartofuproductswerealsofoundtobecontaminatedwithacarcinogen.Atleast25,760 kgofdeliberatelycontaminatedemulsifierfortofuhavebeentracedtothedistributor.[91]Inthefollowingdays,ramennoodleseasoningpacketswerealsofoundtobecontaminatedwithmethylyellow,includesomepopularmajorramenmanufacturerspreviouslyimplicatedinthepriorgutteroilscandals[92]Theseproductsareexportedworldwide,includingUnitedStates,Singapore,Malaysia,Indonesia,Canada,Australia,Vietnam,HongKong,andChina,inWesterncountriesprimarilyonshelvesofAsianfoodstores.AsofDec18,these73products(inchinese)havebeenrecalledrelatedtomethylyellowcontamination. 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Norovirus Rotavirus Salmonella Vibriocholerae Pesticides Chlorpyrifos DDT Lindane Malathion Methamidophos Preservatives Benzoicacid Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid(EDTA) Sodiumbenzoate Sugarsubstitutes Acesulfamepotassium Aspartame(controversy) Saccharin Sodiumcyclamate Sorbitol Sucralose Toxins,poisons,environmentpollution Aflatoxin Arseniccontaminationofgroundwater Benzeneinsoftdrinks BisphenolA Dieldrin Diethylstilbestrol Dioxin Mycotoxins Nonylphenol Shellfishpoisoning Foodcontaminationincidents Devoncolic Swillmilkscandal EsingBakeryincident 1858Bradfordsweetspoisoning 1900Englishbeerpoisoning MorinagaMilkarsenicpoisoningincident Minamatadisease 1971Iraqpoisongraindisaster Toxicoilsyndrome 1985diethyleneglycolwinescandal UKmadcowdiseaseoutbreak 1993JackintheBoxE.colioutbreak 1996OdwallaE.colioutbreak 2006NorthAmericanE.colioutbreaks ICAmeatrepackagingcontroversy 2008Canadalisteriosisoutbreak 2008Chinesemilkscandal 2008Irishporkcrisis 2008UnitedStatessalmonellosisoutbreak 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